फ्रान्सया ग्रेजिल्योंया महलय् एस्पेरान्तो कक्षा

/fh]g dfgGw/

gsltlg P:k]/fGtf] efo\ ;o]sfano\ x] lh+ k|mfG;of u|]lhNof]+ dxnof af/] Gogfu', Ajgfu' . Woafk'n] Djfo]s Dxu;o\ nf 5' vgL 5'vgL, t/ wfy]+ lh+ j yf;o\ knfM x] to] vgL wsfM nf Uj, uan]+ larfM ts+ dofgfy]+ Rj+ . t/ cs:dft ;g\ @)!@of lg+lt+ lhtM ygof 5u" 5u" xKtfof lgu" P:k]/fGtf] efiff sIffof lglt+ -cn] Nk"Ph]so\ g+_ kfxfF lzIfs sy+ ;MtLu' h'n wfo]j+ 5emfM nf GXono\ nf Hjno\ nf h'n . y'sy+ h'n lhu' hLjgof Gxfkf+u' k|mfG; ln;]of ;fIffTsf/ ;Dej h'n .

k|mfG; wfnls lhu' Xjf+u' rfMu' ldvf+ Dxu;o\ vgL — j cfOkmn 6fj/, j ljho Wjfvf, j km];g j Oltxf;of nF ;fFh]lnh], j n'e|of Do"lhod, df]gln;fof lskf, h'h'of 5\o+ ts+ rb+s kfnfM hgtfof zf;g :yfkgf ofo]km'lk+ jL/ hgtf . lkplkp+ lhu' Dxu; k'jgLu' lb+ g+ jn .

cu:6 # s'Gx' k]l/;of Pc/kf]6{o\ lhtM sfo]t emfn do\h' Plnhfa]y nfDa]6{ . jo\sn+ lhtM cgof z6n 6«]g+ k]l/; Pc/kf]6{of :6]zg h'sfM lh Yo+s]dfMu' df]+kfgf{;] :]6]zgo\ ts o+sflbn . j+ 3f/f+3'?+, Wjft'dt', sf/f+s'?+oft 5v]rLsfM lhld;+ lhu' nu]hof lguM ttMUjMu' ;'6s]; n't'n'ofM g+ 6«]g n'Osf+ Tjtn, GXofo] !% ldg]6 lt hs GXoM . xjfOhxfhy]+ ;'Nn jgLu' b'|t ultof l6lhle 6«]gof km:6Snf;o\ Rjg] b;]+ln 5' dfn<

lg3f} lnkf lh ndf+of :6]zgo\ Yog . lhtM sfo]t efh' n'O Ho"nf+ jofRjg, P:k]/fGtf]of lrlsrfw+u' WjfFo\ ;+sfM . jofMu' sf/o\ Rjgf jgf em\ofn+ vg]bSj zx/of bz{g ofof+ . yg :jlguno\ cg x] uf8L, cg x] nFh'jf cn] cg x] aFk;MtofM yMyMu' clwsf/ Aos'+RofgfRj+lk dg"t Sjflty]+ 3f/f+w3'?+ :jofRjgfu', yg nFof nF hs, nFo\ dg"t g+ db'nf w}y]+ Rj+ano\ lhtM nf 5emfM yg g+ aGb jf skm\o'{ hs+ toftn nf wsfM Uof;] jMu' . k]l/; :jofM !() lsdL blIf0f k"j{o\ nfMu' Yj zx/ lqmi6 hGd]h'O :jofM $&bF GXoM /f]dg ;d|f6lk+ jof zf;g ofMu' yfo\ h'ofRjg .

rl5 jofyfo\ afo\ Rjg]w'+sfM lh cui6 $of ;'yo\ sf}nf ofo]w'+sfM 5emfM cgof hMvM rfMlxnf jof uf8L RjgfM . cg+ uf8LO yMu' ;'6s]zt :jygfM lhlk+ u|]lhNof]go\ jgf5\jof .

s/La ^) lsld tfkfMu' Yj yfo\ j 3f}l5of b'g] !@ ah] tL Yog . Yog]j lhtM cgof kbflwsf/Lto\;+ n;s'; oft . j P]ltxfl;s dxno\ knfMto]u' ;f}efUo b'Dx bsno\ Gxfkf+Dx g]kfMld lh .

k]l/; :jofM @%) lsld tfkfMu' zfGt ;'Gb/ j ljzfn yf;o\ u|]lhNof]+of dxn nfM, c+h], ndf+ j 6"/ zx/of by'O klZrd k|mfG;o\ . KothfMu' j NjxFt+ bo]sftMu' ;f3\oM /+uof dxn !*) x]S6/ b"u' h+un b'g] sfrfSs ug+ ldvf djgLyfo\ cjl:yt b' . ;g\ !%*%O bo]s"u' Yj dxn uu'+ Ono\ 5u" ;De|fGt ef/bf/of ;DklQ vM . tMsM k'gMlgdf{0f j lj:tf/ ofo]w'+sfM Yj yf}+of cj:yfo\ Yog . tMDx kl/jf/of NxfltO jg]w'+sfM efh' x]g/L ldsf8{of s'tn+ ;g\ !(%!o\ P:k]/fGtf] efo\ NxfOlklgu' d+sfM ;xsf/L bo]sfM Yj Pltxl;s dxn Gofgfsfn . y'sy+ j+u' ^@ bF lg;]+ P:k]/flGt:tf]to\u' dsf+ ;DklQ h"jMu' b' . bFo\ b;+ h'ofRjgLu' bh{gf}+ Hofem\jno\ Ajlt sfo]t nueu !%)Dx dg"t cg YogfRjgL . ;o]sL ;o]sL cn] gfkgfk+ GXoOk'sL . 5u" sy+ Yj P:k]/fGtf] efo\ NxfOlklgu' lg+lt+ tLy{:yn x] vM wfM;f+ lhp .

Yog]j+ lhu' 5flt tkm\kmf h'n . dfgf}+ Yj dxnof dflns lh x] . Yj dxn ygts Yog]t bSj:of+ ofMu' ldx]gt lhu' x] . cgof snfTds n'vf, em\ofM, tMkfMu' Gxfo\s+ b"u' cflnzfg a}7s, ;k"mw's", go]u' sf]7f, :jfxfg], tno\ Rj+u' Bg]u' sf]7ft 5u" 5u" :jMjgf, lrjf sfo]y]+ .

cgof Hofem\jM w}u' SoflDkª jf js{zk y]+ vM . yg dg"t gf+ btf{ ofgfM, bf+ k'nfM, yg] x] go]u',  Rjg]u' cn] ;o]s]u' ofgfM jO . lh yg lgu" Hofem\jMof lg+lt+ jofu' — cui6 $lg;]+ !!ts ko{sLo e]nf, cn] cui6 !! lg;]+ @) ts stf+dl/ Kofv+of e]nf .

erfng]j+ HoMgf+of O{Ton . ;fSs gof . ;f]x|f}+ ztfAbLof snfTds ldRofs]u' yfo\ b"u' k|mfG;of zfxL dxno\ gjfaL HoMgf+ . k|m]Grto\t go]u' ;'gf+ :ogL < go]u' g+ no\tfo]u' h'Ou' 5u" axfgf vM pld . jfOg w}u' Old nM Tjg]y]+ x] Tjg]dfM . pls;+ u'lnl;t+ Xof+u'' dfM, u'lnl;t+ u'nfaL /+uofu' cn] u'lnl;t+ t'o'u' . u'lnl;t+ rfs'u' dfM;f u'lnl;t+ kf+}u' . l5ld;+ go]u'nL oSj zf}v ofgfRjg wfnls pld;+ yM go]u'lnO y'ln v'zL h'Ot oSj ;+3if{ ofo]dfn, ;fdGtto\;+ yMu' cgfh NXoof o+s"u', ;}lgsto\;+ n'6]ofMu', qmflGt h'ofM a'FHof ofOlk+ db"u' j o'4sfno\ ad jiff{ h'ofM oSj oSj v]tLof]Uo hldg a/afb h"u' dd{:kzL{ vF sgL . vt'+ go]u' efUo b'lklg hs bO cn] a'l4 b'lkG;+ plsoft n;tfof axfgf bo]sL xF . cy] h'ofM nf pld k|m]Grto\ yMu' go]u' jf+ yMu' lrxfg ufM vgL wsfM yMt yDx+ luh]ofo]u' rng g+ b' . oSj go]dlhp, bfM b"u' go]dlhp, lr tofM go]dlhp, pu'+ y'u'+ wfwf+ gof+RjgL, lGxnf+RjgL, Djfgf+RjgL k|mfG; .

go] l;wn . lhtM lrlsrfs" h'ofM g+ lxl;rf b"u' sf]7f lan . g+ !# . lh+ Gogftofu', o"/f]ko\ oSj b];o\ !# NofMoft cz'e wsfM wfO cn] Yj NofMof sf]7f x] bOdv', oSj yf;o\ . lhtM 5', Yj nf lhu' ;+:s[lt dv', jM;f 5' jO< VofM jOnf< dUofM . dgdg+ vF NxfNxf+ Ujt'nflaof .

axgL ;xeflulk+ln;]of Dxl;sf sfnlan h'n . Gxfkf+u' Hofem\jno\ d's+ ;xuflut @(Dx b' — bsno\ cKjM nf k|mfG;oflk+ x] vgf, jof+ lnkf a]lNhod, O6nL, hd{gof g+ b' . lh+ yMt cg jMlk+ afHoM jg]w'+slk+ ;xeflulkGt P:k]/fGtf] :og]t g]kfn+ jofDx wsfM kl/ro laOb'ano\ lhtM uj{ tfn . yg :j+u" sy+of sIff ;+rfng h'O — ljb]zLto\t k|m]Gr efo\of sIff, d;MlglkGt P:k]/fGtf] efo\of sIff j ;o]w'+s"lkGt P:k]/fGtf] efo\of vFNxfaNxf sIff . :j+u"u', cy] w}u' af+nfs efo\ Nxfo] ;MlkGt cEof; ofs]u' sIff ;+rfngof lhDdf lhtM jn .

;'yo\ * ah]lg;]+ ( ah]ts ;'yl;of sf}nf h'O cn] ( ah]lg;]+ !@ ah]ts P:k]/fGtf] sIff h'O . jof+ lnkf HoMgf+ w'+sfM pu' If]qof k|frLg P]ltxfl;s :df/st :jMjg]u' Hofh'O . axgL xfg+ d]u' Hofem\jM h'O, yL yL GXoOk's]u' .

5u" xKtfts lhu' sIffo\ lh+ x/]s lb+ g]kfnof 5u" kIfof af/] ;fdfGo kl/ro laof — e"uf]n, Oltxf;, /fhgLlt, efo\, hftLo ljljwtf, wd{, j cGto\ g]kfno\ P:k]/fGtf] efo\of k|rngof vF . g]kfMof gf+ ts+ dGo+lk+ dg"to\u' lg+lt+ emLu' lbgrof{of vF nf bGTosyfof 5u" c+z y]+ h'ofRjgLu' . 5u" sy+ lh j cjlwtsof lg+lt+ g]kfM j o"/f]kof lgt+lt+ tfFk' h'oflaof .

HoMgf+ w'+sfM lhlk+ lGx+lGx+ cg Joj:yf ofgftMu' uf8LO RjgfM ko{6s h'ofM rfMlxp jgf . ljz]if ofgfM lhlk+ cg a'h]of dxn, cGem"of qm;, Kn]l;a'/]of dxn, cFem]of dxn j cgof Pl;xfl;s un}+rf, k'nf+u' c:ktfnoft bo]sftMu' ;+u|xfno, df]+;f]/]of dxn, Njf v'l;O 8'+ufof zo/ cn] ndf+of Pltxfl;s Sofy8«n :jofM xKtflbg lasf . lem+Gof;M b\jMl5 bF k'nf+u' cHofMu' :df/st nf k|mfG; hfo]s x] b'u' h'ofRjg .

axgLof Hofem\jM dWo] cui6 ^s'Gx' g]kfMof af/] k|:t'lt ofo]u' lb+ nft . g]kfMof afaf+nfMu' lskft GXoAjofM lh+ pldt g]kfM w}u' z'Gb/ zfGt j ljzfn wsfM sgf . t/ g]kfn w}u' dl;p lkG;+ nf dl;p, l;plkG;+ nf ygof /fhgLlts pynk'yn, cJoj:yf, e|i6frf/, ;+ljwfg bo]s]dkm'u', h'h'jfbLto\u' cfGbf]ng, hfteft, yL ToMdToM cflbof GXo;Mof jiff{ x] oft . yf}+sGxo\ g]kfMof 5'+ g+ vF l;Os]u' erf hs OR5f oftls OG6/g]6+ bSj vF sgflaO, ;'r's]u', em+uMnfo]u' s'tM dofM;f x] af+nfO .

cui6 !! lg;]+ @) ts stf+dl/ Kofv+of e]nf wsfM xfg+ d]lk+ dg"t Yo+s jn, k'nf+lk+ rfs'u' dfs'u' cg'ej HjgfM lnxfF jg .  Yj kfno\ ;xeflu NofM $@ vft, jMlk+ dg"t j x] k|mfG;+, hd{gL+, a]lNhod+, :k]g+, a|flhn+ jMlk+ . HofMem\j Gxfkfy]+ vM t/ axgL lGxoflGxy+ lhu' cn k|:t'lt bOu'ln+ ;'yo\of sIffo\ lh+ k|lzIfyL{to\t lg3f}Tofts g]kfMof nf]safvF Go+sfM plsof cfwf/o\ g]kfMof ;fdflhs j ;fF:s[lts kl/j]zoft sofM 5nkmn ofsf . axgL lGxoflGxy+ lg3f}ts g]kfMof yLyL ljifooft sofM cnu cnu k|:t'lt ofgf .

u|flhNof]+of Yj xKtfof sfo{qmdof gf+ x] stf+dl/ Kofv+ x'Os]u' . cy] h';]+ln yg jo]GXoM lhlk+ g+ snfM ;+:s[ltof Vono\ wgLlk+ vM wsfM Ajgftou' n'dgfM Gxfo\tk' h'n . wd{ ;+:s[ltof vF Nxfo]btls :juo\{ Rjgflt UogLlk+ ;Ml;plk+ lgDx:jDxl;t g]jfMto\u' stf+dl/ Kofv+ x'Os]u' k/Dk/fof af/] Gogf . ;'gf+ g+ Wjfy'Os sgfdlap . cn] a;Gtk'lnO ldoftOlk+ ;'sfo\ lrgftMlk+ stf+dl/ lgDx Gofgfo+sf k|mfG;o\ .

u|flhlnof]+ jofu'of 5u" nf]e yg lh+ Yj stf+dl/ snfof svu ;o]s] vgL cn] lh+ :jlguno\ stf+dl/ Kofv+ wsfM g+ vM .  t/ stf+dl/ bo]s]u' sIff j lhu' P:k]/fGtf] sIff j x] Ono\ nfMu'ln+ lGxoflGxy+ h'Ou' j ;];go\ lh Rjg] dvg . g'uM g+ :oft, t+ g+ jn .

t/ 5sM Joj;flos ?k+ stf+dl/ Kofv+ x'OsLDx cn] yg Yj :og]t hd{gL lg;]+ jMDx lqmi6f]km k|mfGsln;] wfM;f 5emfM u+eL/ vFNxfaNxf h'n . j+ g]kfMof stfMdl/ :jo]u' OR5f Sog . lh+ g]kfn+ xoflk+ stf+dl/ 5HjM jof NxfltO toflaof . pv]+ y'v]+ rfMlxsfM :jn . joft pln lrQ a'em]dh'n . y'ln hs vM nf< Yj nf wfy]+ Kofv+ x'Os]u' stfMdl/ dv' wfn . t/ g+ j+ Yj stf+dl/oft x] y'sy+ kl/dfh{g ofM;f y'sL hLjg xo] lhO wsfM ;Nnfx lan .

joft ;+;f/o\ yL yL yf;o\ stf+dl/ Kofv+ x'Os]u' k/Dk/f a'n'x'F a'n'x'F tgfjgfRj+u' vfo'u' ;To+ Os';]Rj+sf lapu' b' . 6]lnlehg, lel8cf] u]d, sDKo'6/ j OG6/g]6+ d:to\t lGxoflGxy+ g'gfo+sfRj+u' b' w}u' vFo\ jg+ ;r]t, lhg+ ;r]t . lgDx KoDx dg"t ;r]t h'of+ 5' x] h'O ha ;+;f/of bSj pBf]uklt j Aofkf/Lt d:to\t SogfM SogfM yMu' Jofkf/oft k|j4{g ofo]u' Hofo\ AjfFo\ h'ofRj+u' b';f . cy];f+ k|mfG;o\ stf+dl/ Kofv+ Sog]u' nx/ cfMts g+ GXofgfRj+u' blg . Nof+] w}u' zx/of x] kl/rof h'ofRj+u' u'Gof]+of stf+dl/Kofv+ :jo]t !)=*) o"/f] -!@)) tsf _ k'n]dfu' vF g+ yg k|f;+lus h'O, cem cg nf ljZjof Kofv+ x'Os]u' stf+dl/of ;+u|xfno x] b' .

j afx]s cg emFlko/+ ;+uLt :ogfRjg, emFn"s+ Kofv+x'n]u' :ogfRjg . a]lNhod+ jMDx lgSsL ofG;]g+ d:to\t afvF hs sgfRjg . afv+ vg]u' g+ 5u" Aofj;flos snf h'ofRjg pldyfo\ . a]6{+ cg jofRj+lk d:t j gRrflk+ Nofo\Dx Nof;]to\t oMoMu' lDxt]u', GXoOk's]u' Hofem\jMGXofsfRjg .

ofof+ lgjfM km"u' rfx] drfM . cui6 !* s'Gx' lhtM u|flhNof]g+ k|mfG;of pQ/ klZrd s'+rfo\ nfMu' ;d'b|t6o\ Rj+u' aMrfw+u' zx/ Kn"Ph]so\ h"Ou' d]u' Hofem\jno\ o+s]t do\h' 8fgLon kmf]G6]g j df]lgs u]a]{ jofM sfMjn . lhu' j zfgbf/ dxn u|]lhNof]+ln;]of ;xjf; ygts x] h'n .

cg+lnkf Kn"Ph]so\ 5jfM RjgfM P:k]/fGtf] :ogf . j w'+sfM ln/], gfGt, Nof]+ j k]l/;o\ u'Gx' lasfM lh'u' nl5of k|mfG;ofqf Sjrfo]sfM g]kfM lnxfF jof .

ब्रिटोनतय्गु मांभाय्या संघर्ष

/fh]g dfgGw/

lh+ plds] Gogfu' y'ln x] hs vM — æl5ldu' df+ l5ldt 5fo\ oM< u'ln oM<Æ

cg jMlk+ clwsf+z ;xeflut la6«f]gt vM pldu' df+efo\ la6«f]gL vM . pld;+ yMu' g'uno\ bfl;jofRj+u' vF 5;Lsy+ sg . Yj  lhu' k|mG;o\ nl5 Rjgfu' zfob bsno\ g'uno\ lypu' lb+ h'O . lh+ lhu' P:k]/fGtf] Snfo;o\ RjgLlk+ sl/a !*Dx k|m]Grto\s] pldu' df+efo\k|ltof dltgf eo\laofRj+u' vgf . k|mfG;o\ yMu' efo\ Gxgfj+u' :jofRjg]dfMlk+ k|m]Grt plk+ . k|;+u lh @)!@of cu:6o\ k|mfG;of Kn"h]so\ h"u' P:k]/fGtf] efo\of cGt/fli6«o Hof‰jno\ AjltsfMjgfano\ofu' .

a|]6gL efo\ wOu' k|mfG;of pQ/klZrdof a|]6fGof k|b]zo\ NxfOu' 5u" efo\ vM . Yj hft sy+ la|yf]lgs efo\ cGt/ut nfM, u'u' yg u|]6 la|6]g+ cdf]{lgsf h'ofM yg Gxfkf+u' dWoo'uof k|f/Dekfv] afo\lxnfjMlk+ a|]6f]gto\;+ HjgfjMu' h'ofRjg . j]Nz j sf]lg{z y]+ d]d]u' a|]yf]lgs efo\t y]+ Yj g+ OG;'n/ s]lN6s efo\of ?ko\ AofVof ofgftMu' b' .

k'nf+u' a|]6f]g efo\ (cf}+ ztfAbLO x] vg] bo]w'+sn . !@cf}+ ztfAbLO ts Yj pRr ju{of efo\ h'ofRjg . cg+ lnkf klZrd a|]6f]go\ Yj ;a{;fwf/0fof efo\ h'ofjg . /fhsfho\ NxfM to]u' dxTjfsf+Iff b'lk+ pRrju{oflkG;+ la:tf/+ k|m]Grefo\oft gfnfo+sn . a|]6gLof dxf/fgL -8r];++_ Gxfkf ts lnlvt efo\of ?ko\ Nofl6g 5\onfRj+u' vM;f !%cf}+ ztfAbL lg;]+ k|m]Gr 5\onfxn . /fhgLltof :jxfg] uofM ;DkGgtf j k|lti7f dfnLlkG;+ k|m]Grof :jxfg] uOu' h'ofM k|m]Gr efo\ em+ em+ Aofks h'of jg .

k|mfG;of /fhtGq+ cgof lrrLw+u' ;d'bfoof efo\oft doo]s" a? a'n'x'F ;/sf/L HofvFo\ k|m]Gr dbo]sdufMu' ofgfo+sn . d]v] qmflGtof Ono\ dg"to\;+ k|fGtLo efo\of kn];f k|m]Gr efo\oft oo]sf o+sn, pld larfM sy+ cano\of k|ltlqmofafbLt j /fhfafbLto\;+ k|fGtLo efo\ oo]sfRj+u' b' . cano\of qmflGtsf/Lto\;+ nf ;fdGtt j ?l9afbLto\;+ a|]6f]gL efo\ NxfO wsfM wfOu' .

lnkf h'h'+ dg"t oo]s+ doo]s+ Yj yMu' df+ efo\ kfv]+ tfkfgf jg . y'lsof x] lnRjM sy+ ;g\ !(^) ts g+ cgof /fHoof Ajg]s'lyO a|]6f]gL efo\ NxfOlkGt nlHht ofo]u' Hof h"u' vM .

;g\ !(%) hMvM ts x] g+ lemu" nfv efiffefifLt b' woftMu' Yj efo\ NxfOlk @!cf}+ ztfAbLof Gxfkf+u' bzso\ ys Yo+ano\ lgu" nfv hs Nog . pls;+ plk+ dWo] ^) k|ltzt :jofM dNofs dg"t ^) bF :jofM Rjo\oflk+ hs b' . @)cf}+ ztfAbLof z'?O ts g+ a|]6fGofof blIf0fL e]uo\ cgof hg;+Vofof al5 dg"to\;+ a|]6f]gL efo\ hs ;M . cg+ lg;]+ cg a|]6f]gL efo\of cjt/0f z'? h'n . cfM ;+ejtM cg Yj efo\ hs NxfOlk+ dg"t ;'+x] dbo]w'+sn . ;g\ !((&o\ ofMu' 5u" ;j]{If0f sy+ cg Yj efo\ NxfOlk+ #)),))) dg"t b' w}u' tYof+s lksft . cfM !%÷!( bFof o'jfk':tf b'g] Yj efo\ NxfOlk+ t;s+ Dxf] hs lkxfF jMu'ln+ y'lsoft tgfjg]To+u' efo\ wsfMwoftMu' b' .

Yj efo\ dbo]sf5\jo]u'nL ygof :s"nto]u' g+ oSj e"ldsf b' . la;f}+ ztfAbLof z'?jft lg;]+ Yj efo\oft wSsf nfMjn . !(!$ lg;]+ :s"n+ cg d:to\t yMu' df+ef;+ vF ts x] Nxfs] dlan . pldt ;hfo laOt wsfM cg pldu' k/Dk/fut l;Fof nfsf+ xoftMu' bO . df+ef;+ vF NxfMu' tfnls cgof lzIfs lzlIfsflkG;+ pldt j nfsf+of dfM bo]sf SjvfsftO, d]lk+ d:to\;+ joft j]F xfo]s]y]+ xfo]sfRjgL . cn] j drf+ d]Dx:of+ la|6f]g efo\ uano\ NxfO wsfM lkofRjgL . ha j+ d]Dx:of+ df+ef;+ vFNxfMu' tfO, j+ yDx+ Sjvfoftofu' nfsf+dfM jof uano\ toflaO, yMu' kfM AogL . xfg+ j drf+ Yj x] Hofoft lg/Gt/tf laO . wofRjg]DjfM Yj 5u" sy+of dfgf]j}1flgs VofRjM vM cn] lhGbuLe/ Yj efo\ Nxfo]dv' wsfM d:to\t kfMkmo]s]u' 5u" cr"s h'lQm g+ vM. /fHo+ emL yfo\ y]+ tKo+s Yj ef;+ RjLlkGt lrQw/ bo]s"u' nf vg]db' t/ yHofMu' cj:yfo\ d:to\;+ Yj efo\ Nxfo]u' TjMtf jgLu' :jefljs h'n . cn] y'lsof ln;]+ 5]Fo\ df+af}lkG;+ g+ yM d:to\t yMu' efo\ dNxfs]u' kfv] aMlan . 5v] :s"no\ d:to\t dfgl;s s;f, d]v] lwAGofuM Woaf HofVono\ db'u' efo\ d:to\t af]em h'n wsfM tfo]sLlk+ df+af}lk+ g+ cKjM bof jn .

h]g+ wfn, jof dfd+ nf $) bF ts d'4f lDxtn, d:to\t sd;]sd :s"no\ df+ef;+ vF Nxfs]lap wsfM t/ ;'g'jfO dh" .

d]v] ljz]ifofgfM ;/sf/L k|zf;g j d]d]u' nuhf ofOlkG;+ jf ofo]u' nIo HjgfRj+lkG;+ yMu' efo\oft k+uM tfo]sfM uf}/jsf;fy Tjtf o+sn . kbof nf]eo\ dg"to\;+ yMu' c:tLj ldof5\jt . Yj vF g]jfMto\u' ;Gbe{o\ x] wfM;f+ oSj kfOdv' .

cfM Yj efo\ NxfOlk+ dg"t Dxf] h'ofjgfRj+u'ln+ o'g]:sf]+ g+ y'lsoft ;+;f/of vtf/fo\ nfMu' efo\to\u' dfglrqo\ (Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger) tolan . cn] ltlg cgoflk+ dg"to\;+ jfMrofo]sn efiff DjfM;f hflt DjfO w}u' .

yg g+ eflifs r]tgfof hM n"u' oSj db'lg . ;g\ !(@% o\ k|f]km]z/ /f]kfh Pdf]gof s'tn+ Ujfnd w}u' klqsf lkxfFjn . lgu" bzstsof cys ldx]gtoft j+ . yL yL ljwfo\ Yj ef;+ df}lns ;flxToof l;h{gf h'n, cn] ljZj ljVoft cGt/f{li6«o ;flxlTos s[ltt Yj ef;+ cg'jfb g+ ofs]u' Hof h'n .

;g\ !(&& ts Yo+ano\ cgof cw{;/sf/L l8jg :s"no\ a|]6f]gL ef;+ :og]u' Hof z'?h'n . Yj cleofg cGtu{t xhf/f}+ d:to\;+ Yj efo\ ;o]s]vgfRj+u' b', :s'nof kf7\oqmd b'g]RjgfM .

pln hs dv', yLyL sldS;t Yj ef;+ lkb+u' b', /]l8cf] s]g{y]+HofMu' 5u" lgu" /]l8cf]+ a|]6f]gL ef;+ Hofem\jM laofRj+u' b', 5u" lgu" 6]lnl;l/on g+ Yj ef;+ lxnfM Sog]u' ofgfxMu' b' . cfM Yj pldu' nflu lx/fy]+ d"Noafg\ h'ofRj+u' b' . lkg]+ jMlk+ ;'+ gfknftls yHofMu' vF TjMdlkmSs sgL .

Gxfkf Gxfkf pldu' ;lxTo ljsf; h"u' vM;f+ lnkf h"ln;] l;h{gf 5\jf;'ofjg — RjMdb' wsfM dAjg, Aj+db' wsfM dRjn . cfM cg a|]6f]g ;flxToof 5u" l;ldt k/Dk/f GXofgfRj+u' b' . ttMw+u' ;km"k;no\ g+ a|]6f]g efo\of cnUu b/fh ;h]ofgftMu' bO, k;no\ j+lklg lgu" Ko+u" la|6f]g efo\of ;k"m Gofo, cn] j b/fhof lnSs RjgfM kf;foft kmf]6f] sfo]sL . cgRj+lklg yM Ajg];M;f+ d;M;f+ lgkfM KokfM a|]6f]gL efo\of ;km" yMu' 5]Fof b/fho\, nfOa|]/LO ;h]ofgfto]u' oft tMw+u' uj{of ljifoof ?ko\ sfO, sGx]s+;f Yj ;k"m bSj Ajg]dflg wsfM wofRjgL . yM Ajg] x] d;M;f+ kf;flklgu' 5]Fo\ jgLano\ cgof a's/\ofso\ klt+rf jfnfM GogL a|]6f]gL efo\of ;km" dtof nf< cn] db' wfn ls t;s+ dle+Dx, SjXo+Dx j u}/lhDd]jf/ gful/sof ?ko\ k|:t'tofO , bSjl;of GXoMg] .

yf}+sGxo\of a|]6f]gL efo\ Gxfkfof d"n efo\ :jofM oSj kfo]w'+sn . cfM nf k'nf+u' a|]6f]gL efo\of 5'+ 5'+ vFUjM hs blg cfw'lgs a|]6f]gL ef;o\, j g+ bfz{lgs j j}1flgs vFUjMof ?ko\ .

;+3if{ cem+ l;dwMlg . yf}+ g+ cgof /fHo+ yMu' ;+ljwfgof lgu"u' wf/f oft xLs]t tof/ h'ofRj+u' db', u'lsof sy+ j u0ftGqof efo\ k|m]Gr h'O wsfM woftMu' b' . cy] h'Ou'ln+ GXofSj efo\ NxfOlk+ b';f+ Yj efo\oft vt/fo\ nfgfRj+u' efo\ wsfM x] woftMu' b' .

*) b'Dx Uofla|Pn+ t5\ofgfM wfn, ælhldu' efo\ w}u' lhldu' k|f0f vM . Yj dbo]s+ lhlk+ Djfo]kmOdv' .Æ

pldu' df+efo\of xlaut, dltgf j xfg+ efo\ Djfs]u' k|lja4tf vgfM lhu' g'uM knv b|lje"t h'n . lh 5sn+ yMu' b];o\ Yog . yMu' efo\of k'ghf{u/0f sfnof dxf/yLto\u' lskf lhu' ldvfo\ n't, cn] yf}+sGxo\ efiff;]jfof gfdo\ h'ofRj+u' cfGbf]ng j plsof lnpg] ;'nfRj+u' kbof /fhgLltof Kofv+ ln;f ln;f sofM jofRjg .

cfGbf]ng emLyfo\ g+ dh"u' dv' . yf} lDxuM hs h"u' g+ dv' . emLu' efo\of cfGbf]ng z'? h"u' kl08t lgi7fgGbof Pslj+zlt k|1fkf/ldtf -g];+ !)@(_ lg;]+ sfo]u' vM;f emL;+ emLu' df+efo\ Djfs]u' cfGbf]ng ofgfu' !)$ bF bt . y'lsof b'g] u'ln ;k"m lkbg h'O, kqklqsf lkbg h'O, u'ln :of+ Do] xfn h'O, u'ln:of+ Kofv+ x'n h'O . cem u'ln ;+3;+:yft gL:jg h'O, UjDx cWoIf h'n h'O, UjDx ;Nnfxsf/ h'n h'O, UjMsM r'gfj h'n h'O, u'ln r'gfj Sjyn h'O, u'ln uf]i7L j /\ofnL h'n h'O . u'ln rGbf sfn h'O, u'ln e|i6frf/ h'n h'O . xfg+ Yj x] Tjx tofM u'ln Njfk' h'n h'O .

y'ln dl5 h'O w'+sfM cfu|x, k"jf{u|x, å]if j bDeoft 5v] tofM :jo]u' vM;f emLu' NxfltO 5' b' n]< g]jfMefo\ NxfOlk+ em+ em+ Dxf] x] h'of jgfRj+u' b', efo\ Gxgfjg, TjMt]dlhn wsfM efif0f ofOlkG;+ yMd:t ln;] vo\ ef;+ vF NxfgfRj+u' b', g]jfM ef;+ ;flxTo l;h{gf ofOlk+ em+ Dxf] h'of jgfRj+u' b', lksfMu' ;k"m GofMdbofM 5\lnO km\j;fXjxo]sfto]dfMu' b', 5u" k':tf+ efo\ yM d:to\t efo\ d:ogflapano\ jof d:to\;+ ;o]s] Nxfo] wsfM :jM;f+ ultklt db"u' efo\of lgdf{0f h'ofRj+u' b' . Yj x] dv'nf emLu' ;l5bFof pknlAw< d+sfMvnMof Hofs'lyORj+u' l;l4bf;of kf]6«]6+ gjfOdv't, nv'tLy{o\ w+sftMu' hut;'Gb/of ;fnLs+ :o+jOdv't, lrqw/+ Rj wfMjOdv't . b'lk+ k'nf+lklg k'nf+k'nf+u' afv+ ss+ lndnfM, Gx"lklg Gx"Gx"u' km];gofof+ lndnfM . wfy]+ emLu' efo\of wfy]+u' cfGbf]ng uano\ h'Ou'<

plds] lh+ Gogf, æl5ldu' efo\of cfGbf]ng ofOu' ;+3;+:yft u'ln b'< cn] ;' plsof g]tf<Æ

h]g+ wfn, æb' h'O, t/ lhld+ x/]s la|6f]g hgtf 5u" 5u" ;+:yf vM . lhlk+ x] cfGbf]ng .Æ

lhtM n'dg . lh u|]lhNof]go\ b'ano\ 5sM gofRjFRj+ lr b"u' a6/of vF jn . la|tfGofo\ yy] lr b"u' a6/ gO . lh+ gsltlg Nof;]rfDx ld;fofs] Gogf, æ5Gt la|6f]g h'ofof uj{ b'nf<Æ

j+ ukno\ SjvgftMu' jxof lrsLk"u' l;vM lnsofM Sog . plsO oufgfRjg la|tfGoof gS;f . uj{+ 5\o+ w:jfsfM wfn, æb' . lh GXofyfo\ b';f+ lhso\ la|tfGof b' .Æ

cy] h"u'ln+ pldu' cj:yf cfM pln gfh"s dh" . Gxfkf yDx+ df+efo\ d;o]sfu'ln+ pld;+ cfM yMd:to\t yMu' efo\ :og]kmofRj+u' db' . cfM nf pldu' x] ef;+ wfo]u' vM;f pld;+ yMu' e"ldO ;'r'sftMu' Oltxf; b'g] yMu' df+efo\of pTvgg\ ofgfRj+u' b' .

pld;+ efo\ ;Mlk+ chfclhlklgu' af+nfs ;Ddfgofgf Rj+u' b', pldu' Dx't'+ lkHjMu' x/]s la|6f]gL jfSo pldu' nflu cd[t . plsof x] e/o\ yL yL yf;o\ Nofo\Dx j d:to\u' nflu lrrLw+u' sf];{of Joj:yf ofgfM yM d:to\t cg 5\jofRj+u' b' . yM Jo:ttfof sf/0f+ j pd]/of sf/0f+ Gx"u' rLh ;o]sfsfo] dkmo]w'+s";f+ yMu' eljio Yj clwsf/+ j+rLt dh'Odf w}u' pldu' dg;'jf vM . pld;+ yMu' ef;+ ;k"m Rjo]u' ofgfxn . x/]s ;k"m k;no\ 5u" cnu /\ofs bO la|6f]gL efo\of ;k"mof . yM efo\ Nxfo\ d;M;f+ yMu' efo\of lgu"Ko+u" ;k"m 5]Fo\ dtODx dg"of cg Gxfo\ bOdv' . ln;]+ cgof d]o/ :jod\ x] Yj eflifs cfGbf]ngof ;dy{s h"u'ln+ cg :yfgLo tj/+ h'ofRj+u' Hofem\jMoft jofu' Ujxfln b' . cy] h'ofM nf j l;6Lxno\ xKtfof 5Gx' la|6f]gL efo\of Do] j Kofv+of /+uf/+u Hofem\jM GXofO .

yDx+ O{ :jofM lg0f{o ofo]dkmt ls efUooft bf]if laO, efUoafbL h'O emL . hLjg x] ;+3if{ vM;f knfM knfvo\ ;+3if{ x] ofo] dfn lg . b'Zdg+ xdnf ofMjo]w'+sfM g+ nfsf+ GXofsflaODx RoM lkofRjg ls nvgpof gjfaof y]+HofMu' xlaut h'O . Yj emL;+ dl;pu' vF dv' . g]jfMt j la|6f]gto\u' lgolt ygyfo\ HjMnfM jO .

cGto\ lh+ g]kfMof eflifs ljljwtf, ;+ljwfg+ ljoftMu' eflifs clwsf/ j g]kfMof tgfjgfRj+u' efo\of ln;]+ lhu' df+efo\of cj:yfof af/] aMrfxfso]s sgf . pld;+ lhso\ la6«f]g n'Osn, lh+ plds] g]jfM n'Osf . cfh' 5u" x] h";f gfk+ GXofjgf+ 5' kfO . plk+ j g]jfMt hs dv', Yj tMwLDx Gof+ rLlwDx Gofoft gOu' ljZjo\ yMu' ef;+ gjfo] dv+lk+ oSj oSj b', plk+ 5kF 5wL h'OdfM . yMt yDx+ Wj+nfo] 5tf dlhp, ;fy laOlk+ g+ yg oSj b' .

lh+ pldt Ogfk ofgf — ælhldu' b];o\ lhldu' cj:yf g+ l5slklgu' :jofM oSj dkfM . lhtM l5slkG;+ g]kfno\ Rj+Dx la|6f]g wsfM :jLsf/ ofgflb;F .Æ

मदनमोहनया मन

dbgdf]xgof dg

/fh]g dfgGw/

yf}+ sGxo\ GXofDx+ km];a's, GXofu'+ km];a's . g]kfnefiffof Vono\ pln oSj:of+ Dxdl;pDx Rjld k|sfz ;fo\ldof km];a\ :6f6;o\ Rjld dbgdf]xg ld> Dx+dk'mu' vF Ajg]vg . j ;'s"lr+u' Dx, ufMufM j+u' GotfM, GXofan]+ :jf+ XjMu' Dx't'l; cn] k'lGxof ldvfy]+ Rj+u' 5HjM ldvf – lhtM GXofan]+ a'/f+ lyp;f+ uan]+ a'/f dh'Ou' j afHofof VjfMkf n'dgf jn . Vjfn+ Vjfno\ vF Nxfo]dv+;f+ :s"no\ ano\ x] jo\sn+ RjofbLu' ulhu'n'of Dxu;o\ kz'kltgfy wfMu' ;k"m Ajg]n+, cy]+ cy]+ KjfMltpltpF lGxn]n+ . lh xfg+ 5sM :s'no\ jgfM lGxpjg] y]+ h'n .

lht Yj vF GogfM g'uno\ ltSs hs ldgfRj+u' . zfSo;'/]g bfO gfknfMano\ uy] vM wsfM Goof .

ævM wof+ . Uj, 5' wfo]u', 5' ofo]u' . ts;+ dl5+ jo\sMof . dl5+ ;f+ dl5+ wfo] ts+ dl5+ . gfknft ls 5sM lgsM jf /] wfOu' TjMtLu' dv' . d+db' d+db' a'/f h'n jo\sM,Æ ln;M laoflbn . vg+ Gxfkf nf 5sM dg" x] h'Odv't wsfM wfo]dfo]s tRjM h'Ow'+s"u' xF . NxfM kmODx bofM hs sf .

;'/]gbfO j lh On+ nfsfM 5sM jo\sMoft dfMjgf, onof lt5'F ulNnORj+u' 5]Fo\ . df]afOnof hno\ tLhs yfxfF jgf, ;'+ nf bOlg wsfM . afn+ RjgfRj+Dx d}+rf+ jo\sMof sfo\ Ono\ Ajono\ yg jO, kmf]g gDa/ TjMtf x'F, lh+ kmf]g ofs] wfn . cfzf jx] hs b', uy] wfn cy] ofgf .

km];a'so\ lh+ g+ yMu' g'uM vF toflaof d] % s'Gx' jo\sM dkm', Ujxfln ofo]dfn wsfM . ln;M nueu z'Go . sdnbfO g+ 5u" vfd laofxoflbn, d]lkGt ug+ d:ofM, ug+ rfd;' . a? vftf rfo]ls wsfM ;Nnfx hs jn . j nf ;'of u'ln g'uM em\oft' wsfM yfgf:jo]y]+ hs h'n .

Yj vF ;'/]g bfOoft sgf . sf, cy] RjofM x] Woaf Dxo]u' dofo]dfMu' nf, u'ln:of+ oO, u'ln:of+ doO, woflbn . lhtM g+ vMy]+ Rjg . lhu' Wjf+ a'l4 . d]v] j vfd 5u" lhtM em\oft'ofRjg . Njxdf+ ToMy]+ Tonftn lhtM .

d] & s'Gx' . GXofan]+ dnfMDx ;'/]g bfOoft Ajfsfx]laof c:ktfno\ . l;pu' g+ dv' tfMu' dv', lgDx zx/L kfv]ty]+ lhlk+ pv]+ y'v]+ GogfM b'jfsf]6of c:ktfno\ Yog .

gsltlg bo]sfMRj+u' c:ktfnof lrsLrf s"u' Sjyfo\ afHof+ yMt s'gftn, clh lnSs;+ km\ot'gfRj+u' . lhldt vg]j+ jo\sMof Vjfno\ Dxo\vfKofv+ x'n . ldvf x] lulnluln ofgfM :joflbn – GXono\ nf Hjno\ nf h'n xF . Vjfno\ n;tfof dgx/f x] afM jn .

æsf sf . 5' h'n Yj . vOnf < jo]dfMlk+ djM, jo]DjfMlk+ YogfRjg . lh+ ts;+ no\tfn,Æ jo\sMof ;M t;M h'n .

knv vF NxfgfM dg dRjgh'O, km\ox]t'gflbn . km'+uo\ lnwg] DjfM xF . lGxO 5Dxl;t lGxOs]u' jo\sMof l;4fGt xF, cfMts+ TjMt"u' dv' . db' db'u' ;f;M g+ Tofo] sofM afv+÷sljtf 5k' g+ Go+sflbn vko\ efo\ lksofM – kfln+ kfln+ ep jfn xF .

Vjkof k|To]s TjfMln;] jo\sM kl/lrt h'ofbLw'+sn, cn] TjfMof gf+of dxTj g+ l;p jo\sn+ . lgu" :j+u' TjfMof afv+ ts+ sgflbn . lhld wfM;f oSj xfn] dlhp, bd yfxfF jO wsfM Dx't'KjfM x] lts] dfM . 5sM v+Dx lgsM dvgLlklgu' Yj ;+;f/o\ Vjkof kf;flk+ rflx+ lgsM:jsM gfknfgf jM wsfM cgof ;flxTosf/lk+k|lt s[t1tf Kj+sflbn .

t;s+ dkm';]+ln GofbF ts ci6«]lnofo\ RjgfRj+Dx sfo\oft ;Mtn, jn . t/ j g+ lbSs rfM . drfOu' g+ ug+, 5]F 5vf wsfM x] af+nfMu' bo]sftMu' dv', df+af}lkG;+ . cy];f+ 5sM lgsM VjfM SogfjgL wsfM af}Dx no]tfM .

vF NxfNxf+ DXofo\Dx Yog . yg x] c:ktfno\ Hof ofODx h'ofM af}Dx:of c:ktfn ;ltt . px'Gx xMano\ ts x] e]lG6n]6/o\ to]dfMy]+ h'Ow'+s"Dx cfM nf :jo] lhOw'+sn . DXofo\of dltgf .

axgL km];a'so\ Yj vF toflaof . lh jo\sMoft gfknfo]t xl:ktno\ jgf wsfM . zfob lhu' vF GogfM ;'+ g]jfM ;flxTosf/of g'uno\ wLlr+s VjofRj+u' lx erf erf nf ;gL h'O lg wsfM . lemDxl;t on lhu' vF, lh g+ jg] wfMlk+ dn" . gfO x] dv'u' 5'+ j:t' b';f j g'uM h'ofRjg .

g]jfMt co\ xF, yo\ xF . wfMlklg sy' d;", RjMlklg dl; dk"m . emLu' ;flxTo j ;flxTosf/lk+ nf em+ ug vM ug . t/ yHofMano\ hs l;O bO, emL nf ;flxTosf/ x] ltlg wsfM . ;flxTosf/of x] hs efUo SjlaofM DjfgfRjg]dfMu' . ;'+ db' jof yf}+, jof 5'+ b';f jof bSj bOu' h'O .

5Dx ;flxTosf/ kl/jf/of lg+lt+ af}, df+ jf bfh'lshf jf ttfs]x]F hs dv', /fi6«of jf ;dfhof x] ;DklQ h'ofRjg]dfMu' vM . t/ yf}+ g+ 5Dx ;flxTosf/of hLjgof yfs'u' O{ ;dfhof lrptfMof ljifo ts+ h'O kmofRjgLdv' . pld;+ emLu' lglDt hLjg laO,pldt dl5gLano\ 3f}l5 ts+ laOkmOdv' . g]jfM emL g]jfM x] h'O wfMu' yy] h'Ou' oft x] wfOu' h'O .

नेवाः सफू व ममःचा

राजेन मानन्धर

स्वनिगलय् दलय् अप्वः छुकिया ब्यापार जुइ? मिखा तिसिनाः धायेफु, ममःचा । दक्वसित यःगु, दक्वस्यां नइगु । नां हे ला ब्यापार । दकलय अप्वः मनूतय्त छु माः, उकिया जुइ । व्यापार धइगु हे न्यायेगु व मिइगु । माःपिन्सं न्याइ, दुपिन्सं मिइ । माःसा न्याइ, फुसा मिइ । अले दकलय् कम छुकिया व्यापार जुइ? आः धाःसा लिसः बिइ थाकुल । बिचाः यानादिल जुइ, लुँ वह, हिरा मोति । छाय् धाःसा व तसकं थिकय्, दक्वस्यां न्यायेफइमखु । छि फेल जुल का । थ्व देसय् दकलय् आखः ब्वनातःपिं नेवाःतय्गु राज्य धयाजूगु स्वनिगलय् म्हो व्यापार जुइगु छुं दुसा व नेवाः भाय्या सपूm खः । मखु धयादी फु ला?

नेपालभाषा घ्वानाः सपूm पिहाँ वःगु थनिं १०४ दँ दत (पं. निष्ठानन्दया श्री एकविंशति श्लोक भाषा सहितगु सपूm नेसं १०२९लय् पिदंगु ल्याखं धायेगु खःसा) । थ्व छगू शताब्दीया दुने ग्वःन्हु दइ जुइ ? अले ग्वगू सपूm पिदन जुइ । पुवंक ल्याःचा सुनां नं यानातःगु मखनानि । थ्व ल्याःचाः यायेमाःगु खँ नं मखु । व स्वयाः अःपुक झीसं थःथःगु छेँया दराजय् ग्वपाः नेवाः भाय्या सफू दु धकाः ल्याःखाःसा गाः ।

उकुन्हु तिनिया खँ – नेपाली काँग्रेसया नायः सुशिल कोइरालायात छम्ह पत्रकारं न्यन हँ – छिं छु सपूm ब्वनाच्वनादिया थौंकन्हय् ? कोइरालाभाजुं छाति तफायानाः लिसः बियादिल – जितः सफुतिइ विश्वास मदु । आः हानं हलू धासेंलि कुतिं न्यायेमानिला? झी अधिकांश नेवाःत शिक्षित हे खः, अथे जुयाः ला ततःधंगु खँ ल्हायेफयाच्वंगु दु । तर सपूm न्यायेगु, ब्वनेगु खँय् धाःसा अधिकांश नेवाःत सुशिल कोइराला हे जुयाच्वना, झीगु थ्व महान् स्टाटस अव्यक्त रुपं नेवाः भाय्या सपूm पसःपसलय् धुलंगःगु ब्वसा जुयाच्वंगु दु ।

झीगु भाय् झीत यः । झीसं सिउ भाषा म्वाःसा जाति म्वाइ धकाः नं । झीगु हिनू हिनुलिइ भाषा दु, माःसा ज्यान तकं बिइत नं झी तयार । तर जब नेवाः भाय्या सफू न्यानाः ब्वनेगु ई वइ, दक्वस्या छ्यं चासुइ ।

जनगणनाया भ्वँतय् नेवाःत १३ लाख दु । नेवाःत धयापिं दकलय् शिक्षित तकाः नं झीसं धयावयाच्वना । झीसं जक छु, दक्वस्यां धयाच्वंगु दु । थ्व स्वनिगःया जक खँ ल्हायेगु खःसां थन म्होतिं नी खुगू लाख नेवाःत दु । दक्वं धकाः बाजितयाः धायेमफुसां अधिकांश नेवाःत शिक्षित धकाः झीसं सिउ । खुगू लाख नेवाःतय्त माःगु सपूm पसः खुगू हे मदु ला ? म्वाः ला ? छगू पसलय् छगू लाख मनूतय्सं सफू न्याःवनी बलय् व साहुजिया हालत गज्याःगु जुइ ? अले छगू लाख मनुतय्सं न्याइगु पसलय् वनाः सपूm न्याइपिनिगु हालत ले ?

थन गुलि ममःचा पसः दु व ला मसिउ । तर झीसं खनाच्वना, त्वालय्पतिकं ममःचा पसः, गल्लिइपतिकं ममःचा पसः । नइपिं दयाःला चायेकल जुइ । छु नइ उकिया पसः चाली, छु न्याइ व मिइहइ । तर आः हे च्वयातःसां जिउ, व नेवाः राज्य वःसां थन ममःचा पसः हे यक्व दयावइ, नेवाः सपूm पसः यक्व दयावइमखु । अले नेवाः राज्य या चिं (एम्लेम्ब) सपूm जुइ लाकि ममःचा ?

नेवाःराज्यया म्हगस मियाःनइपिन्त शायद थज्याःगु खँ पचेजुइमखु । उमिगु भाषण न्यनेबलय् झी हे दकलय् पहिचानया बेतालि तग्वः । तर खालुथें घुतकेमाःगु छगू सत्य, छगू यथार्थ — नेवाःतय् सपूm न्यायेम्वाः, ब्वनेम्वाः । झी दक्वं सुशिल कोइराला । न्यायेमाःगु जूसा नेवाः सपूmपसलय् साहुजि साहुनीपिं भुजिं ख्यानच्वानेम्वाःलीगु जुइ, छगूयां मेगु पसः दँय्दसं खनेदइगु जुइ ।

इतिहास पुइकेम्वाः । चित्तधर, भक्तबहादुर, हिमाञ्चल, चिनियालाल निसें नातिवज्रया बाखं लुमंकूसा गाः । सुं हे सपूm मियाः सफल मजू, धनी जुइगु ला खँ त्वःता छ्वये । भाषासेवा, यायेमाः, झीसं मयाःसा सुनां याइया भावनां ग्वाकाः जक हे याःगु खनेदु, आःतक । न लवःया आस, न लाय् लिवइगु हे विश्वास । दक्वं त्याःगु थ्व राजधानी शहरय् छाय् सपूm बनेज्या जक द्यायेमाःगु? येँय् निगू प्यंगु भुगुलुं च्वंगु सपूm पसः बाहेक यलय् व ख्वपय् ला झन् उलि हे मदु, खनेमदु (थ्व जिगु दाबी मखु, दूगु खःसा बांलाः) । न्हाय्कं दयेकं तुंथिइ छाय् स्वःजुयाच्वनेगु ? थ्व सपूmपसःया हविगतं हे नेवाःतय् गुलि सपूm न्यायेमाः, ब्वनेमाः धकाः क्यनाच्वंगु दु । गज्याःगु विडम्बना, स्वन्तिं वहया पाय्म्वःपिकाःसा चां चां फुइ, सपूm पिकाःसा गन गुलि दु उलि हे ।

जिं सिउसांनिसें नेवाःभाय्या सपूm मिइगु मौका धइगु व हे बुद्धजयन्ती, सापारु, म्हपुजाबलय् नेवाःत मुनीगु थासय् लितुलिनाः सपूm ज्वंकःवनेगु खः । कयादिसँ रे, भाषा सेवा यानादिसँ रे धकाः ख्वखना सः पिकयाः मधायेकं सुनां न्याइमखु, अझ गुलिं सम्भ्रान्त शिक्षित नेवाःत बुधबार व्रत च्वनाच्वनागु खँ ल्हानाः बिसिउँ वनी । दशकौं पुल, आःतक नं व अवस्थाय् ह्यूपाः मवःनि । आःला झं न्हापाथें मिउजुइपिनिगु शक्ति तकं क्षीण जुइधुंकल ।

नेपालभाषाय् सपूm पिकायेगु धइगु अधिकांश लेखकया थःगु म्हिचां ध्यबा तयाः खः, कि मखुसा साहुमहाजनतय्त रिझेयानाः खः । थज्याःगु अवस्थाय् सपूmया वितरण ग्यसुलाइगु आधार हे मदु । पिकाल, सिधल । लेखक, प्रकाशकया थचाःवःगु छेँलिइ चांग चांग सपूm वथंगयाच्वनी, प्यानाः झू जुयावनी ।

छम्ह निम्ह विद्वानपिन्सं सपूm मचूगु खँ ल्हातकि नेवाः भाय्या सपूm न्यायेगु थाय् हे मदु धकाः धायेगु आःतकं मत्वःतूनि । अथे न्याइपिं दुसा सपूm पसः नं ममचा पसःथें ह्वासाह्वासां यक्व दयावइ धइगु सामान्य अर्थशास्त्रया सिद्धान्तयात तकं चुनौति बिइपिं अज्याःपि विद्वानपिनिगु नेपालभाषाया प्रति योगदान थुलि हे जुयाच्वनी ।

अले छाय् नेवाःभाय्या सपूmया बांलाक वितरण जुया मच्वन ? घ्वानाः सपूm पिकायेससांनिसें नेपालभाषया ज्याखँय् ल्हाःतयाच्वंपिनिगु थ्व हे छगू कमजोरी जुयाच्वंगु दु । सिंहावलोकन व आत्मालोचना जुयाच्वंगु नं मदु । चित्तधरं निसें लँय् ध्वदुक्वसित पत्रिकाया सदस्य दयेकावयाच्वना, उखें थुखें ग्वहालि कयाः सपूm पिकानाच्वना ।

थ्व हे खँय् ध्यान तयाः इलय् ब्यलय् नेवाः सपूm वितरण यायेगु, सपूm पसः चायेकेगु खँ जुइ । खँ अथें हे तुनावनी, सुनावनी । आः नं दु । सन्ध्या टाइम्सया च्वसापासाया छेँय् तःजिगु सपूm पसः चायेकेगु योजना दु । प्रतिसरा साय्मिजुं नं नेवाः सपूm पसः तयेकेगु खँ ल्हानादीगु खः । नकतिनि हे यलय् पूर्णचण्डीइ शोभा शाक्यजुं व्यवस्थित कथं नेवाः सपूm न्यायेगु व मिइगु तातुनाः सितु सपूm पसः चायेकादिल । तर ग्व, उपलब्धी धाःसा उलि उत्साहजनक खनेमदुनि । नेवाः सपूm यदि ममःचा जूसा त्वाःत्वलय् सपूm मिइपिं वयेधुंकल जुइ – ओके सपूm, आरसि सपूm, एभरेष्ट सपूm, टेष्टी सपूm, ट्राइअगेन सपूm अले मेगु नं छु छु । मिइपिनिगु ज्या ला मिइगु जक खः, नइपिं जक दुसा बजि नं मिइ, गजि नं मिइ । झीगु म्हसिका झीसं दयेकेगु खः — ममःचा न्याइपिं जुइगु लाकि सपूm न्याइपिं जुइगु ।

चिनाखँ पियाच्वंगु चिनाखँ मुँज्या

k|ltlqmof

/fh]g dfgGw/

;do\ k'GxL . gf+ x] oOk';]Rj+ — bSjlbSj TjMtfM ;do\ . yf}+of lb+, gf+b+u' 5u" k'nf+u' ;flxlTos ;+:yfof lrgfv+ d'FHof Hofem\jM . lhu' NxfltO ts k|]d+ Ajgfkf} Hj+sflbpDx bfOoft ;'efo\ . yM lrgfv+ Rjo]wfnls Gxfkf+lg;]+ sy' u+y]+, sndo\ dl; k"mu'y]+ h'ODx . ;flxlTos Hofem\jno\ oSj lrgfv+ Gog]g+, t/ d's+ lrgfvF hs AjgLu' Hofem\jno\ yMt uan]+ km\ot's] dv+lg . cy] h'ofM g+ lh pT;flxt . yg nf cjZo g+ Gx"lk+ k'nf+lk+ rfs'lk+, kmfs'lk+, kfn'lk+, Gofn'lk+ cn] 5Gb, c5Gb, a]5Gb bSjsy+of lrgfvF Gog]bO wsfM dgo\ tlu+ tlu+ lrgfvF Aj+u' u'g'u'g' tfo]bo]sfM jgf l;ldl;ld jfof n;s'; kmkm+ ;f6f]cflsO .

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sljh'+ yMu' d'Qmst Go+sflbn . yMyMu' Ono\ RjofbLu' . d'Qms :jofM jo]sMof yMu' Dxl;sf dxTjk"0f{ cg . jo\sn+ Yj ofgfbLw'+sn, j ofgfbLw'+sn, jo\sM cg Yog]w'+sn yg Yog]w'+sn . jo\sM u'ln c;xfo . yMu' pln vF sgflaODx cg ;'+ dn'ofRjg, yDx+ yMu' aofg ofo]dfnfRjg . Yj jo\sM hs dv' g]kfnefiffof x/]s ;flxTosf/t gjfgfRj+u' tfo]bt — emL yMu' vF yDx:of+ hs wofRjgf, yMu' vF yDx+ dwf;] dufM .

ljdf]rg h'n slj efh'of ;k"mof — 5u" bzs GxoM RjoftMu' d'Qms d'gf . l;lts+ Og]u' 3f]if0ff ofgfM jo]sn+ yMu' ;k"moft wf}alh bo]sflbn . 5' ;k"m wOu' wf}alh vMnf < ;k"mof gf+ hs+ wf}alh h'Okm', ;k"m nf ;k"m x] vMlg . t/ jo\sn+ plsoft wf}alh bo]sflbn . cfM nf dl;p GxfkfGxfkf a'lb+ano\ ;u+ sfo] w'g]j+ bzflbzf kmfnfjg]df wsfM wf}alh kmo]laOu' rng b' emL . cy] x] wf}alh Ogflbn jo\s+ . a'lb+of wf}alh . bzf kmfnf5\jo]u' wf}alh .

jo\sof wf}alh ljdf]rg ofgflbn gf+hfMDx, bSj:of+ oMDx, xgfagftoftMDx slj, lgaGwsf/, pkGof;sf/ cn] ;dfnf]rsh'+ . gjfo]u' kfM jn, vF h'Ou' :jefljs vM . cg lh+ dfOs GXoMg] b+emfMano\ pDx JolQmTjoft v+sfRjgf u'Dx:of+ g]kfnefiff lrgfvF nfufof k|j[ltoft jfnfM sljlkGt pldu' VjfM Gxfo\sgo\ Sogflbpu' vM . t/ jo\sMof Dx't'O a'lb+of vF hs — jofu' a'lb+ cano\ j ysfln, j Sjsfln, plk+ Hjln+HjM . ;'of ;F t'o', ;'of ;F xfs' . Go+lk+ efjljlxg VjfM Ajo]d5fnfM a/M sofxMu' d';'sfMu' VjfMkfM 5kfM 5kfM yMu' skfno\ Kok'+sfM km\ot'gfRjg  .

ljz]if lbgo\ ljz]if ;+:yf+ ljz]if Hofem\jMofMu', ljz]if ljwfoft sofM . t/ cg nf ;'ofu' ;F u'ln t'o" wOu' hs vF h'ofRjg . yMu' hLjg d'2tL vftfo\ l8kf]lh6 ofgfM t'o'u' ;F Aofh sofM gofRj+lklgu' vF . j ;F cy]+ lgafno\ kfgfM hs t'o'u' dv', y'ln nf lh+ l;p . t/ lrgfvFof nfufo\ t'o'u'of 5' NofM < c+u|]hL efo\of slj hf]g ls6\; db'ano\ @^bF hs b"u' vM, t/ jofu' of]ubfg cfMt+ n'd+s]ax h" . 5' lrgfvF t'o'u' dl;+ Rjo]u' nf< g t'o'u' dl;+ RjOu' af+nfM wsfM jo\sM efh'+ Sog]t :jofbLu' vM, g cfM xfs'u' dl;+ RjofRj+lklgu' sljtfof d" db' wsfM Sog]t :jofbLu' vM .

5Dxw'+sfM d]Dx , bSj:of+ yMyMu' pd]/ hs s+jofRjg . pd]/ h'ofM s+jofRjg . pd]/ efif0f ofMjofRjg — u'Dx+ @!bF b'Dx, u'Dx+ ^)bF b'Dx . k'nf+lk+, afHoMj+lk+, a'/flk+, a'/f+ lyplk+, a'/f+ToMlk+, WjfbMlk+, EjfyMlk+, Gxfo\kg\ t'd\5\ofFo\of hSjrfM ;'oftMlk+ .

lh cgof k"djgLu' clwi7fgo\ RjFtn] g cg lrgfvF of vF h", g lrgfvFof ljutof, g cfutof . g Rjo]u' k|j[ltof vF h", g Ajg]u' sf}znof . g Gogfld÷Ajgfld lklgu' g'uMvF lkxfF j, g k|sfzs h"lklgu' lgoltof, g ljqmLljt/0fof c/0o/f]bg . g lrgfvF Aj+dbofM sljlk+ a/lv Rj+u' vF h'n, g RjMdbofM Ajldlk+ cgfy h"u' vF h'n . g Rjo]dkm'u'of Unflg, g Rjs]dk'mu'of sGkm];g . vF wfM;f h'ofRjg, lbkfM dbo]s . vFlg;]+ vFtsof vF .

lrgfvF Go+s]t jMlk+ slj efh'do\h'lklg cfo\ a'of+ g+ 5' a'Ou' O{ h'Ow'+sn . 5u"Tof 3f} O{ b'g] oSj Hof h'n . cg 5'+ dh"u' vM;f lrgfvF Ajg]u', lrgvFo\ afM jg]u', lrgfvF GogfM nfkfyfo]u' Hof dh'n . yf}+of lx/f] lx/f]Ogt h'OdfMlk+ sljsljoqLlklg yMu' /rgf Go+s]t lkofRjFRj+ Tofg'Ow'+sn . cg bSj+ h'ofRjg lrgfvF h'ofdRj+ .

lh+ rfM, Hofem\jM drfo]s u}/;flxlTos h'ofjgfRjg . lhld;+ j ofgf, Yj ofgf — ttMw+u' vF jofRj+ano\ ;flxTo uf}0f ljifo h'O . yf}+ g]kfnefiff ;+3if{ ;ldltof lgDx dxf/yLt gfknfMu' — yDx+ o'4 NjfgfM a"u' vF ;jfM sfsf+ sgfRjg . uj{ b' jo\sMlkGt .

lh+ yMu' uMkM Djo\YofgfM lrgfvFto\u' VjfMkfM :jof . bSj lrgfvF h'ofRjg . bSj:of Vjfno\ lrgfvF — lrRffMbgfRj+u' lrgfvF, lvrf+ lvgftMu' lrgfvF, e5\ofFo\ ofgftMu' lrgfvF . lar/f lrgfvFt . c+uM lrgfvF, aF lrgfvF, em\ofM lrgfvF, /\ofso\ w]r'nfRj+lk+ j kFlrgfRj+lk+ ;k"mt bSj+ lrgfvF . lrgfvF Gog]wsfM jofDx lh Gxfk+ lrgfvF h'oflaOdfnfRjg . lh nf 5', lh+ lrgfvF Rjo] dkm' wsfM nf lh ;flxTo AjgfRjgfano\ x] jfscf]e/ laO w'gfDx . t/ Gog]u' KofMrfM nf b' lhs], lhu' hLjg sgLu' lrgfvF, uBo\ lrOdkmOu' cg'e"lt afMjgfRj+u' lrgfvF d'gfsfo]u' nfn;f nf b' . t/ ug sfMjg] . lhu' w}o{of lvkM ra'Oj+ lrgfvF Gog]u' bSjlbSj OR5foft KjMlrgfM lh bgf jof . lrgfvF b+ db+ lh+ dvg .

nFo\ lh+ lhtM Gogf — 5' h"u' Yj<

lh+ ln;M lan — yf}+ sGxo\ 5'lsof+ d" db' . lrgfvF wof+ efif0fof em+ d" db' . pls+ GxfkfGxfkf ;f lrgfvF Go+dbO wsfM d]lkGt yg] xOu', cfM efif0f Go+ dbO wsfM sljlkGt yg] xn . yMu' lrgfvF Go+s]u' nfn;f db"u' ;f plddl5 dg"t d'+sfto]kmOnf < cn], pld wfO, jFo\rfo]u' :jofM Vjo]u' af+nfM . pls+ lrgfvF Rjo] efMdvF;]+ln efif0f ;f+ ofgf jg] wsfM sljlkG;+ yMu' x}l;ot So+u' h'O . efif0f ofOlklg dnfMu'ln+ ofsg+ yMu' efif0f laofj+u' g+ h'Okm' .

मीनाया लक्ष्मणरेखा ः नारीवादी मिखाय्

/fh]g dfgGw/ 

g];+ !!#$of afv+ba'lnO lkb+u' dLgf ah|frfo{h'+ RjofbLu' 5k' afv+ ænId0f/]vf xfrf+ufo]j+Æoft sofM 5'+ RjofRjgf . y'lsoft ;'+ ;dfnf]rsof ;}4flGts b'jfnfof ?ko\ dv'ls 5Dx ;flxToof ljBfyL{of k|ltlqmofof ?ko\ hs soflbOt Ogfk ofgfRjgf . ;flxToof l;h{gfoft ld;fafbL ldvfs'ln+ :jo]u' rng Gx"u' dv' . g]kfnefiff ;flxTo+ Yj kIfoft dv+5' oft wfM;f emLu' ;flxTo ;'yf+nfSs GXofOdv' wOy]+ tfM .

oSj wofy]+ afvgo\ ;dfho\ ld;flklgu' cj:yf, pldu' kL8foft GXoAjo]u' ofgfbLDx afv+Rjld dLgf jh|frfo{h'+ g]kfnefiff ;flxTo Vono\ yMu' la:s+ yfo\ bo]sflbOw'+sn . g];+ !!@*o\ lkb+u' jo\sMof afv+;k"m æå+u' knfMÆvo\ clwsf+z afv+ ld;fof ;d:of, pldu' lk8fof sf?l0fs j0f{go\ rlvgfRj+u' b' . g]kfnefiffo\ 5u" ljwfo\ hs dv' pls;+ 5u" ljifoo\ s]lGb|t h'ofM l;h{gf ofOlk+ Dxf] ;flxTosf/lk+ dWo] jo\sM 5Dx vM . ld;fRjldlk+ x] Dxf]hs b'yfo\ cn] ld;fof ljifooft sofM RjOlk+ nf emg\ x] Dxf] h'ofRj+yfo\ dLgfh'of Rj;f y'v]kfv] jgfRjgLu' en;f sofRjgf .

;dfnf]rs efh' OGb|dfnLof vFUjM Tofo]sfo] – jo\sn+ ufx{:yL hLjgof yYofMSjYofM, :jfy{+ ofgfM r'+ bgfjgfRj+u' emLu' kfl/jfl/s kl/j]zof n'oft pnfM hfu/0fof knfM GXofs]t :jofbLu' b' . plsO lh+ tg] – jo\sMof clwsf+z afvgo\ ljb|f]x, ;dfgtfof dfu j clwsf/of lg+lt+ ;M :jofM nfrf/L, lk8f, ld:to\u' sd{ yHofMu' x] wOu' Vjvgf ;M n'O .

cfM jo\sMof GxfkfGxfkf RjofbLu' afv+of k[i7e"ldO afv+ ænId0f/]vf xfrf+ufo]jÆno\ s]lGb|t h'O . jo\sMof oSj afvgo\ lkn"jODx lh kfq yg b'dYofM . jo\sn+ a? yMu' vF cgof d"kfq kfj{tLb]jLof Dx't'Kjfn+ gjfsflbOu' vg]b' . kfj{tLb]jLof c;Gt'i6L, lk8f, cn] cfTd;dk{0fo\ Rjld n'Os]t AjldlkGt yfs'Odv' .

afv+of Gxfkf+u' kf/fu|fkmo\ kfj{tLb]jL+ wfO – ld;ft h'ofM oMoMyfo\ GXoMg]nfMu' Ono\ lkxfF jg]dlhp . GXoMg]nfMu' j;M k'gfh'Odlhp . ld;ft woflk+ gLnMy]+ x] vM . ld;f h'ofM yMu' nId0f/]vf xfrf+ ufnls /fj0f+ jof ckx/0f ofgfo+sL . 5sM ckx/0f ofgfo+sn ls cUgL k/LIff x] lap;f+ j rf]vf] h'O kmOdv' . jof gh/o\ cfvM Aj+jg]t, clkm; jg]t kl;{of kn];f lrlrkfMu' j;M k'g]vg]j+ ld;f clwsf/ jMu' h'Odv' . j+ GXo;M g+ tO – Dx Ajo]u' km]zg jo]j+ ld;f clwsf/ jn nf <

xfg+ jofsy+ yf}+sGx] ld:to\;+ emg\ lDxuM :jofM g+ Uofgfk'u' of}g lx+;f, anfTsf/, ckx/0f, a]kQf j ld;f lx+;fof lzsf/ h'OdfnfRj+u' b' . lb+ Gxfkfy]+ gLKo3f} cn] lem+lgnfof bl5 h'Ou'oft y]+ ld:to\u' Yj cj:yfoft g+ ;fZjt tfo]sL j+ . ;Too'uo\ ;ltb]jL, q]tfo'uo\ ;Ltf, åfk/o'uo\ b|f]kbLlg;]+ afv+of 5Dx kfq ;'GtnLof cfTdxTofof bf]ifL ts+ ld:t x] wsfM j+ kf}/fl0fs afv+to\u' ax sofM k|dfl0ft ofo]u' s'tM ofO . cn] j+ afv+of cGto\ vj/bf/L laO — va/bf/, :jtGqtf j clwsf/of gfd+ nId0f/]vf xfrf+ufo]u' s'tM ofo]dt] . nId0f/]vf xfrf+ ufo]u' x] cfTdxTof ofMjg]u' vM . yg kfj{tLb]jL 5Dx vnkfq dv', n]vsof dfpylk; vM . jofu' Yj x] wfk'oft k'i6L ofo]t jf hf]8 laOt Yj afv+of l;h{gf h"u' vg]b' .

y'sy+ :jo]ano\ Yj afv+ x] lkt[;QfTds ;f]r+ RjoftMu' l;Ob' . jo\sM Rjlddo\h'of Yj kfq :jod\ x] dg', aflNdsL, jf cHofMlk+ x] d]lk+ ;'+ ld;f clwsf/ lj/f]wL vg]b' . jofu' x/]s jfSo+ ld:t wOlk+ clwsf/ sfo] of]Uolk+ dv', pldt clwsf/ dbOu' wOu' ;'B{M k"j{+ n'of klZrdo\ laOu' y]+ x] w|'j ;To vM . cn] jof vF dGo+lkGt Rjld+ s6fIf k|xf/ ofgfbL – k'nf+u' larfM k'nf+u' k/Dk/foft xfs'ltgfM ljb]zL ;+:sf/ d'No j dfGotfoft ;sl;g+ gfn]w'+sn . Rjld+ Yj afvgo\ ;'+ cHofMDx kfq ygfdbL u'Dx:of+ kfj{tLb]jLof vFof v08g ofO, ljb|f]x ofO jf cHofMu' 36gf+ afv+ SjdrfM u'ls+ jofu' larf/wf/f k'nf+ h'n, unt h'n wsfM SogL, :jtGqtf dfn wsfM dfu ofO . plsof kn];f Rjld+ kfj{tLb]jLof cGto\ b'v dfg]ofgfM z+v3f]if x] ofgflbO ls xln+Go+s ld;f lx+;f, ;fd'lxs anfTsf/, ckx/0f, ;]S; lel8of] j a]kQf h'of x] Rjg . dfgf}+ Yj wOu' kfj{tLb]jLof hLt vM, cn] kfj{tLof hLt x] Rjldof hLt vM .

ld;f clwsf/sdL{lkGt Jo+Uo ofgftMu' Yj afv+of d]u' NXjg]dfMu' kIf vM . Rjldof ldvfo\ ld;f clwsf/sdL{to\u' hgr]tfgf yg]u' s'tM efif0f hs h'n, cn] pldu' vFo\ ;sn]+ e'n]h'n . ldh+to\;+ bo]sftMu' j k'nf+u' lgod+ lkxfF jg]u' ld:to\u' s'tMoft Rjld+ æa'l/of k~hn+ d'Qm h'Ou' bfpÆ wsfM Wofr' gsflbn .

ld;f clwsf/sdL{of Hofem\jMoft Rjlddo\h'+ yy] j0f{g ofgflbn — a'vF lkbg]j+ ld;f clwsf/jfbLt yL yL Aofg/ HjgfM gf/f h'n'; ofgfM nF hfd oft===yHofMu' Hofem\jn+ ofgfM k'mSs nF, uNnL hfd h'n, b]z Go+s y'lsof k|efj nfgfRjg . xfg+ ld;f clwsf/jfbLto\t ckdflgt ofo]t Rjlddo\h'+ kfj{tLb]jLof x] ax soflbn — pan] g+ yHofMu' ;+3;+:yft oSj b'u' vM . cfM g+ b' . t/ yHofMu' ;+3 ;+:yf+ pan]lg;]+ cfMts ld;fto\t r]tgf laofM yHofMu' 36gf dh'Os]u' Hof :jof+ l;Ow'+sfM vfnL gf/f, h'n';, aGb, x8tfn ofo]u' j cZjf;g laOu' afx]s d]u' ofMu' dvgf .

y'sy+ Rjlddo\h'+ yMu' afv+ dfkm{t xln+Go+s ;n+;MbF k'nf+u' ld;f clwsf/of lg+lt+ NjfgfjofRj+lk+ of]4ft j pldu' ;+3;+:yfto\t Hof ofo]u' :jofM vFhs NxfOlk+ wsfM Sogflbn . Yj rfgr'g cfklQhgs vF dv' . vM, ld:to\t ;dfg clwsf/ jMu' db'lg, clwsf/of lg+lt+ cfM g+ Njfo]dfMu' vFt oSj blg . g]kfno\ x] :jM;f+ pldu' Hof pln ltKogfRj+u' db' . t/ yg emL;+ 5' NjMd+s] dlhp wfM;f cfMts ld:to\t clwsf/ j ;dfgtfof gfdo\ 5' u'ln jn j dNjf;]+ dxf;]+ lapu' dv' . Yj ån+åM bF lg;]+ ldh+to\;+ hs zf;g ofgfRj+u' cn] ld:to\t /fHo nf 5' ;dfho\ ts+ prLt yfo\ dlaOu' lg+lt+ cg]cg]u' Uj;fM UjOlklgu' /fHoo\ y'ln clwsf/ sfo]t ld:to\;+ Dxf] hs ldx]gt ofMu' dv' . efMt l;tls jofln;] Olxkf ofMu' sf/0f+ x] DjfMDjfs+ ldO b'gfM ;ltjg]dfMlk+ ld:t yf}+ yMu' gfdo\ hUuf, 5]F GofgfM efMt, d:to\t afo\ laOkm'lk+ h'n, doo]s efMt+ ts+ of}g :jfk"to] bOdv' wfo]km'Dx h'n, yMt doMDx drf Sjsfo]bODx h'n, ;fj{hlgs yf;o\ g+ ld:to\ ceb| Jojxf/hs ofM;f+ sfg"gL b08 laOkm'Dx h'n . b]o\of pkk|wfgdGqL ts h'n, k|f]km]z/, 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/, jsLn, kqsf/ ts+ h'n .5' Yj rLw+u' pknlAw vMnf < yf}+ dlxnf lx+;foft sofM sfg"g ts+ ag]h"u' cj:yf b', 5' Yj ld:to\;+ ofMu' gf/f h'n';of x] b]g dv' nf < yf}+ g]kfno\ ld;f ldh+of by'O ;dfg clwsf/ jo]dfM wsfM l;ldt dg"to\u' hs GXok'O 5'+ b'xfF jgfRj+u' ;'gf+ g+ ug+ v+;f plsof >]o j x] gf/f h'n';oft laOdfM . Yj nf ;Dk"0f{ ld;f clwsf/of nflu h'ofRj+u' cfGbf]ngof x] cjd"Nog h"jg rfo]s+ drfo]s, j g+ 5Dx ;zQmDx ld;f Rjldof Nxflt+ .

Yj afv+of d]u' pln x] cfklQhgs vF wOu' ld:to\t h"u' b'vof bf]ifL ld;foft x] vg]u' cn] ldh+to\u' bf]if, cTofrf/ jf ck/fwoft tk'Ou' vM . 8Da/ sfG5f+ ;Ltfb]jLoft aDaOof a]Zofnoo\ o+sfM ldoflysn . wgaxfb'/ bnfn+ ?kdltoft c/ao\ 5\joflan, Kjfyo\ bo]sfM lnxfFjn, ue{jtL cj:yfo\ cTdxTof ofo]dfn . lasL+ ;'GtnLofu' ;]S; lel8cf] bo]sn, joft cfTdxTof ofo]t ts+ afWo oft . y'sy+ yg 5Dxy] 5Dx ld;fkfqto\ zf]if0fof cnu cnu afv+ b' . Yj wOu' lkt[;QfTds ;dfh+ ld:to\t ofo]kmOu' zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, cfly{s zf]if0fof k/fsfi7f vM . yHofMyfo\ g+ Rjlddo\h'+ ld:to\t c;fxfo j afWotfof lzsf/ wsfM pldt cfTdxTof ofsflbn, ug+ ;'gf++ yMu' /Iff ofsfdlbn, plsof bf]ifLlkGt 5'+ ;hfo laofdlbn . plnhs dv', jo\sn+ ld;f lx+;f lDxuM :jofM oSj h"u' vgflbn cn] plsof bf]if g+ ld:to\t laoflbn . bSj bSj vF jo]sn+ cy] x] ;xh ?k+ h'Os] lan uy] /fdfo0f j dxfef/tof o'uo\ ld;fkfqto\t ldh+ kfqto\;+ ofO . ld;fafbLof ldvfoft Yj ;xh h'Odv' . ld;fDx Rjld 5Dx Rjld hs dv' ld;fRjld vM wOu' ;fdfGo dfGotfoft Rjld+ c:jLsf/ ofgflbn, cn] ld:to\t b'v h"u', yMk|lt h"u' cGofo cTofrf/of lj?4 gjfo]dkm"u' c;d+h l:yltoft ;jfM sfsf+ Rjoflbn uy] 5Dx ld;foft lk8f laODx ldh+ Rjld+ RjO . Yj ;dfh ldh+lklgu' x] vM, ldh+lklgu' x] h'ofRjg]dfM wsfM xfg+ 5sM x'Fsf/ ofgflan jo\sn+ .

ld:to\u' clwsf/oft k"0f{tM c:jLsf/ ofgftMu' vg]b' Yj afvgo\ . 5' ;'GtnLof y]+ ld:to\ k'nf+u' ;+:sf/+ lrsfM DjfgfdRjF;] pGd'Qm hLjg xg]u' OR5f dbO nf < l8:sf]o\ jg]u' j lrkfMu' n+ lkmOu' ck/fw vMnf < km];a'so\ ldh+ kf;f bo]s]u' sfg"g ljkl/t Hof nf < cn] ldh+to\;+ wfM;f ld:to\ dg j z/L/oft GXofu'+ ofM;f+ lhpu' nf < ;]S; lel8cf] bo]s"Dx:of uNtL dh'Ou' cn] yMt oo]s"Dx ldh+oft ljZjf; ofo]u' hs ck/fw nf < ug d]d]lk+ ld:t cHofMu' k'nf+u' nId0f/]vf x'ofjgfRj+u' b', jo\s 5Dx wfM;f yM x] jgfM ld:to\t xfg+ j x] nId0f/]vfo\ s}b ofo]u' :joflbn . ;'gf+ lan jo\sMoft Yj nId0f/]vf lsOu' clwsf/ < ;flxTo wOu' /rgf x] nf vM . aflNdsL+ ;Ltf bo]sn, dLgf+ ;'GtnL . ha kfq Ajo]axDx h'Odv', cn] j AjgLlk+ Ajldlk+ g+ kfqy]+ Ajo] axdh"Dx hs h'ofRjg]dfnL .

Gxfkf Gxfkf ld:to\u' b'v, lk8foft AjofM ;flxTo l;h{gf ofo]u' nx/ b"u' vM . Yj snf snfof lg+lt+ wsfM ;flxTo wOu' ldh+to\u' ljnf;of ;fwg bo]sftOlklgu' vF h'n . cfM Yj ;fdlos vF dh'Ow'+sn . cfM x/]s n]vgoft ld:to\;+ uy]ofgfM :jO, y'ls+ ld:to\t uy] k|efj nfsL wsfM g+ larfM dof;]dufM . cn] ld:to\t lxgtfaf]w ofsLu' n]vg nf uan]++ g+ :jLsfo{ h'Odv' . ld;f clwsf/of vF ug+ ug Yog] w'+sn . cfM ld:to\;+ yMu' clwsf/, of}lgstf, klxrfg j :jtGqtf wOu' 5' wOu' af+nfs y'Os] w'+sn . cfM plk+ ldh+lkG;+ wfMwfMy] ;Demf}tfafbL h'ofM, pldu' ;+/If0fo\ j kfj{tLb]jLof s}bo\ s'+sfRjg]t tof/ db' . cn] ldhg+ ld;foft cHofMu' dfgl;s, zf/Ls 3ft ofMu' vM;f joft ;hfo laOs]u' wOu' x/]s ld;fof clwsf/ vM . sd;] sd 5Dx ;r]tDx ld;fRjld+ oyfy{o\ dkm';f+ yDx+ l;h{gf ofgfu' afvgo\ ;f+ cHoflk+ cfttfoL ldh+to\t ;hfo laOdfM, ld;f clwsf/ ;'/lIft h"u' 3f]if0ff ;uj{ ofo]dfM .

Yj afv+ AjgfM 5Dx ldhg+ 5' y'OsL < Yj x] dv'nf, ls ld:t wOlk+ nId0f/]vf b'g]Rjg]dfMlk+, j /]vf xfrf+ufnls jof gfz h'O, ;dfho\ Djfo]kmOdv', cn] j+ cfTdxTof ofO . pls+ ldh+t lasL x] h'ofRjgL, ;]S; lel8cf] sof+RjgL . cn] ld;f+ g+ j x] y'OsL, Yj ;dfho\ yMu' yfo\ ;'GtnLof :jof cKjM ;'/lIft db' . 5Dx ;r]t ld;f Rjldof e"ldsf cHofMyfo\ sGgfrfofk'u' cj:yf AjofM ldh+to\t em+ kL8s bo]s]u' j ld;f clwsf/of lg+lt+ h'ofRj+u' ljZjAofkL cfGbf]ngof pkxf; ofo]u' g+ h'OkmOdv' .

g]kfnL efiffof ;flxToo\ ;flxTooft gf/LafbL b[li6+ :jOlk+ oSj+ bo]w'+sn . 5Dx ldhg+ yMu' /rgfo\ ld;foft ug+ rfo]s+ drfo]s+ ckdfg oftfwfM;f jofu' clwsf/oft s'+l7t ofo]u' :jMu' Rjn wfM;f+ lj/f]w, cfnf]rgfof ld RofO . emLyfo\ wfM;f ;ofM nf d;ofM nf yHofMu' ;j{dfGo h'Ow'+s"u' ;flxToof cfwf/e"t ;xdltoft ts+ xfrf+ ufofM ld:to\t u'ln bfn pln yf;o\ jO wOy]+HofMu' ljrf/ ;flxTodfkm{t laofRjg ltlg .

g]kfnefiffo\ g+ ld;f ;dfnf]rslk+ db'u' x] dv' -bSj ld;fRjldlk+ ld;fjfbL h'OdfM wOu' db'_. sd;] sd jo\sMlkG;+ uan]+ ld;fjfbof ;}4flGts vFoft sofM 5'+ Rjoflapu'h";f jf, ld;fjfbL ldvfs'ln+ g]kfnefiff ;flxTooft sofM ug+ s'nflapu' h";f yy] dh'Ou' h'O . jg+ xfg+ ljz]ifofgfM k|f= k|]dzflGt t'nfw/h' :jo\d x] ;Dkfbs h"u' j g]kfnefiffo\ afv+ ;flxToo\ u'bFts lwl;nfo] w'+s"u' k|sfzgo\ yHofMu' /rgf b'YofgfRjg . 5' g]kfnefiff ;flxTo y'eg+ xfMgfM dbo]w'+s"u' vt nf <

;du|o\ wfo]ano\ Yj nf ld:t woflk+ a'sf{ lkmsfM 5]Fo\ s'gfto]dfMlk+ vM cn] pldt ;'gf+g+ anfTsf/ x] ofM;f+ plsof bf]if j x] ld:to\t laOdfM wOu' tflnjfgL ;f]r b"u' afv+ vM wsfM dwf;] dufMu' cj:yf b' .

5Dx o'jf, lzlIft, zx/L jftfj/0fo\ Ajn+Dx hs dv' kfl/jfl/s aGwg xfrf+ufofM yMu' hLjgof lg0f{o yDx+ ofo]km'Dx ld;fRjldof kfv]+ ;dfh+ j :jofM oSj ck]Iff ofgfRj+u' bO . en;f sfo], jo\sMof Rj;f cem lwl;nfs GXofgfjgL cn] ld:to\t h'ofRj+u' zf]if0fof dfld{s lrq0f hs dh';] pldt d'lQm j ;dfgtfof nFo\ o+s]t g+ jo\sM ;kmn h'ofbL . 5Dx ldh+ Ajldof Yj x] le+t'gf .

भारतया बौद्धकलाया दसु साँची स्तुप

/fh]g dfgGw/

ef/to\ l;4fy{+ af]lw1fg k|fKt ofgfM wd{rqm k|jt{g ofgflaHoft cn] jy]+t'+ j;kf]nof lgjf{0f lnkf cg qmdzM a'4wd{ Gogfjg . t/ Yj oSj bF ts NogfdRj+ . yL yL sf/0f+ a'4wd{of k|efj ef/to\ Dxf] h'h'+ jgfRjg . yHofMu' Ono\ ;d|f6 czf]s 5Dx cHofMDx h'h' h'ofM ef/tof Oltxf;o\ vg]bo]sMjn u'Dx:of+ ef/to\ GxgfjgfRj+u' a'4wd{oft ef/t hs dv' j :jofM lkg]lkg] ;d:t blIf0f Plzofo\ x] Go+sflan, k'g{hLljt ofgflan . pDx x] ;d|f6 czf]sof kfno\ jof x] ;lqmotfo\ bo]sftMu' 5u" :df/s vM Yj ;fFrLof :t"k .

cjl:ylt

Gxfkf uf}/jdo Oltxf;of ;fIfL h'ofRj+u' Yj ;fFrLof :t"k cfM ef/tof dWo k|b]z /fHoof /fo;]g lhNnfo\ nfMu' 5u" uf+ hs vM . Yj /fHoof /fhwfgL ef]kfn :jofM $^ lsdL pQ/k"j{o\ nfM cn] cgof 5u" dxTjk"0f{ t/ cfMof lrsLrfw+u' zx/ ljlbzf :jofM !) lsdL tfkfM . cgof ;dtn yHofMu' yf;o\ g+ lrsLrfw+u' jfpFu' 8fF8fof BMg] lxl;b"u' alu+rfof by'O cjl:yt h'ofRj+u' Yj :t'k yfo\ ;d'b| :jofM $#$ ld6/of prfOno\ nfM . Yj ;fFrL ljz]if ofgfM ygof pbolu/L u'kmfo\ b"u' wfld{s snfs[ltof sf/0f+ g+ gf+ hfM .

;fFrL wOu' ygof d'Vo :t"k hs dv' . yg nf cHofMu' af}4 :df/st tMyfo\ tMu' x] n"u' b' . plsO dWo] bsno\ k'nf+u' :df/s O{zfk"j{of :j+u"u' ztfAbLof wsfM woftMu' b' cn] yg O{zfof !@u"u' ztfAbLOts Gx"Gx"u' snfs[lt+ 5fo]lkOu' j af}4tLy{:ynof Nofv+ dg"t jofM k"hf k|fy{gf ofo]u' Hof !$)) bF ts lg/Gt/ h'ofRj+u' vg]b' . plsof ln;]+ yg vg]bOu' :df/s t wOu' d]u' lguM :t'kt, %)u" lt ljxf/ jf 5]Fof cj;z]t j Ko+uM :tDeof cjz]ift g+ vM . j Nofv+ Yj If]q x] P]ltxfl;s j k'/ftflTjs If]q wsfM 3f]if0ff ofgftMu' b' .

cfM ygof ljsf;of Oltxf;oft s'n]u' kfo\l5 h'O .

df}o{sfn M

;fFrLof d'Vo :t'koft df}o{sfnof ;d|f6 czf]s+ -nueu @&#–@#^ O{k"_ bo]s]lapu' wfO . j ;d|f6 dh"lgano\ x] 5sM pHh}g jg]t jMu' Ono\ j ljlbzfo\ lbt cn] ygof dxfhgof DXofo\ b]jL jf rGb|ln;] Olxkf oft . j x] b]jLof yfo\ h"u'ln+ ;d|f6 czf]s+ yg Yj :t'k bo]s]lapu' h'Okm' . Oltxf;sf/lklgsy+ y'sof lgdf{0fo\ czf]sof 5Dx dxf/fgL b]jL+ yDx+ /]vb]v ofMu' vM . Yj :t'kof dxTj b"u' vF y'ls+ g+ k|dfl0ft ofM ls czf]sof sfo\ dx]Gb| j DXofo\ ;+3ldqf wd{b"t h'ofM >Lnª\sfo\ jg] GXoM yg jofM nl5 Rjgfj+u' wsfM wfO .

y'lsoft cfMts ef/to\ n"u' bsno\ k'nf+u' NjxFof ;+/rgf wsfM softMu' b' . ;d|f6 czf]s+ a'4of kl/lgjf{0flnkf cl:ywft' tofM bo]sftMu' RofuM dWo] Gxo\uM r}Toof cl:ywft' lnsofM ro\KoåM czf]sr}To bo]sn . Yj sy+ larfM ofo]ano\ ykfo\lh tMhfMu' j czf]sof x] hLjgsfno\ bo]s"u' Yj :t'ko\ g+ a'4of cl:ywft' bOu' ljZjf; ofo]l5+ . y'lsof wfld{s dxTj nf b x] b' . plsof ln;]+ Yj af}4 snfof z'?jft, ljsf; j cGToof 5u' bl;sy+ g+ lwl;nfSs bgfRj+u' b' ug emL;+ ef/tof a'4wd{of ljzfntf j P]ltxfl;s ljsf;qmdof g+ cWoog ofo]km' . Yj Nofv+ g+ ef/tof k'/ftTj, af:t'snfof cWoog ofOlklgu' lg+lt+ tMsy+ dxTjk"0f{ :yn h"jn .

Yj d"nu' :t'kof prfO s';f afx]s %$ lkm6 -!^=$^ dL_ b' . :jo]ano\ t;s+ ;fdfGo vg]b"u' Yj ;+/rgfof ljz]iftf wOu' x] ;fdfGo h'ofM g+ cfsif{s h'ofRjg]u' vM . a'4wd{ d]d]u' wd{ :jofM kfMu' wOu' x] yg O{Zj/ jf BMoft yfo\ dlaOu' h"u'ln+ Yj 5'+ BMuMof ?ko\ lgdf{0f h'ofRj+u' db' . kfnL ;flxToo\ dfnfjg wfM;f :t'koft æy"kÆ woftMu' n'O, u'lsof ;fdfGo cy{ åF h'O . Gxfkf+ Yj a'4of cl:ywft' :jygftMu' rf j NjxFof åF h'O cn] lnkf ltlg y'lsoft BMg+ ckf j Njxt+ l;ofM jfkmo\ kfv]+ ;'/lIft ofo]t ;+/If0f ofgftn h'O . BMuno\ y]+ ue{u[x dbOu' wOu' x] y'lsof ljz]iftf vM . :jlguMof :joDe", af}4, rfalxnof :t'ky]+ y'lsO cHofMu' cn+sf/ j a'4of d'lt{ toftMu' db' . cemg+ ug+ ug+ cg czf]ssfnof a|fDxL lnlk+ 5'+ RjoftMu' clen]v+ cano\of Oltxf; sgfRj+u' b' .

plsofln;]+ yg lguM cHofMu' x] :t'kt g+ b' . lguMu' :t'k 8fFofof cGto\ b' wfM;f :j+u' :t'k hjo\ nfM . y'lsO Gxfkf cu|>fjslk+ ;fl/k'q j df}buNofgof cl:ywft' toftMu' vM t/ lnkf a]nfotL to\;+ yg :osfM plsof cl:ywft' o+sn . lnkf ef/t+ j lntsfo]t yM :jtGq h'Os]dfn .

cy] x] ygof d]u' dxTjk"0f :df/s wOu' yg blIf0f n'vfof gfk+ ygftMu' ;d|f6 czf]sof :tDe vM . oBlk cfM Yj :t+e Tjw'n]w'+sn cn] Sjo\of Aj hs cn y'gftMu' blg . cn] y'lsof BMg] Rj+u' KoDx l;+xof d'lt{ g+ lnjMu'ln+ cg lnSs;+ Rj+u' ;+u|xfnoo\ toftMu' b' . cy];f+ Yj blIf0f Plzofo\ x] a'4wd{ j czf]sof ;fd|fHo Go+u'of bl; vM . y'lsof BMg] Rj+u' KoDx l;+xoft ef/tof HjdnfMu' snfs[ltof ?ko\ sfO . plsofln;]+ yg lsoftMu' ;Gb]zof sf/0f+ g+ Yj dxTjk"0f{ h"u' b' . y'lsO lsoftMu' ;d|f6 czf]sof ;+3of Pstf GXofan]+ NogfRjg]dfn, yy] h'Ou' af+nfM wOu' cfzoof wfk' a'4zf;gof x] cfwf/ h"u'ln+ ljZjof af}4to\t Yj yf}+of lbgo\ g+ pln x] k|]/0ffbfoL h'ofRj+u' b' .

;fFrLof k|frLg gf+ ssgGb, s+s]gjf, ssfGof j sfs0ffj vM t/ y'lsof pNn]v wfM;f cgof clen]vo\ hs l;ldt h'ofRj+u' b', cano\of ;'+ n]vs+ g+ Yj gf+ 5\onftMu' vg]db' . ef/tof a'4wd{of cWoogofqfo\ jMlk+ x'o]g;fª j kmflxofg+ Yj :t'kof pNn]v dofMu'oft Oltxf;sf/to\;+ ch"rfofk"u' vFof ?ko\ softMu' b' . a? >Ln+sfof dxfj+;o\ pNn]v h"u' r]tLolu/L x] ;fFrL vM wsfM Oltxf;sf/to\;+ wfO .

y'lsof gfkgfk+ yg :jof % dLn tfkfSs ;f]gf/L wOu' yf;o\ RofuM af}4 :t'k b' cn] xfg+ & dLn tfkfMu' ef]hk'/of lnSs #&uM af}4 :t'k b' .

z'ª\u sfn M

z'ª\u j+z woflk+ ef/to\ df}o{ j+zof lnkf jMlk+ h'h'lk+ vM . pld;+ ljz]ifofgfM pQ/ ef/to\ O{zfk"j{ !*& lg;]+ O{zfk"j{ &% ts zfzg oft . z'ª\u sfno\, ;fFrL :t'kof ;+/If0f af+nfs h'n . cy] vM;f+ z'ª\u j+zof Gxfkf+Dx h'h' k'ioldq x] ;fFrL :t'kof zq' h"u' vg]bt . O{zfk"j{ lgu"u' ztfAbLO yg ;d|f6 k'ioldq+ Yj :t'koft :o+sfM Wj:t oft , cn] xfg+ jof sfo\ clUgldq+ y'lsoft xfgln+ bo]sn wfO . z'ª\u j+zof clGtd cj:yfo\ ts jMano\ y'lsoft tMsM NXjgfM b'u+l5 tMw+ ofgfM xfg+ NjxFof af/ bo]sn . plsof ln;]+ y'lsof Rjo\ dfy+j+sfM plsof BMg] 5u'lnO d]u' BtgfM :j+u' s';f tn . cn] xfg+ plsoft Kos'+nfSs NjxFof x] af/+ 3]/]oft . ln;]+ yg :t'kof rfsMln+ rfMlxn]u' NjxFof nF g+ Yj x] o'uo\ bo]s]u' Hof h'n . psy+ ;fFrLof :t'kof ;+/If0fo\ z'ª\u h'h'lklgu' of]ubfg b"u' h'n .

;tjfxg sfn M

;fFrLof :t'k Dxl;s]u' wOu' Yj d'Vo :t'kof Kov]/+ Ko+u" lbzfo\ ygftMu' snfTDs Wjfvft vM u'lsoft tf]/0f g+ wfO . Yj tf]/0ft ;tafxg j+zof h'h'lkG;+ toflapu' wsfM wfO . y'lk+ dWo] blIf0fofu' tf]/0f ;ftjfxg h'h' ;tsgL{kfv]+ pkxf/of sy+ jMu' vM .

ljz]if k|sf/of NjxFto\ bo]sftMu' yHofMu' Wjfvf y]+Rj+u' ;+/rgf cano\of pRrsf]6Lof k|:t/snfof gd"gf wsfM snf ;dfnf]rslkG;+ wfO . Yj k|To]s Wjfvfof lguM yf+of BMg] 5u" w'+sfM d]u' wln+of cfs[ltO bo]sf tMu' ;+/rgfo\ lhpyfo\tSs /fh;L j ;fdflhs hLjgz}nLof b[io lsofM 5fo\lkoftMu' b' . yg ljz]ifofgfM hfts syf, a'4of hLjgL, jofu' pkb]z j ln;]+ a'4sfnof d]]d]u' 36gf n'd+sflaOu' ;fdflhs hLjgof lrqt b' . yg dg'ifL a'4, ljZjGt/ hfts, ;'hftf, df/ljho, dxfclelgiqmd0f, zfSoto\t wd{b]zgf, ljlDa;f/ jMu', :t'k k"hf, dfsn+ bfglapu', slknj:t' j+u', af]lwj[If cflbof lrq0f snfTdssy+ h'ofRj+u' b' .

tMyfo\ x] yg a'4of lrq0f h'ofRj+u' b';f+ ygyfo\ ts a'4oft dg"of cfsf/o\ jf JolQm k"hf ofo]u' k|ltdfof ?ko\ wfM;f AjoftMu' vg] db' . pld a'4oft Sog]dfn ls l;4fy{+ b/jf/ TjMt]t uofj+Dx ;n, a'4Tj k|flKtofMu' af]lw l;df j kflnVjfFo\of ?ko\ GXoAjoftMu' vg]b' . y'ls+ y'u' Ono\ ts a'4dfuL{lkG;+ a'4oft k"hf jGbgf ofM;f+ a'4of k|ltdf wfM;f dbo]s"u' jf bo]s]u'oft a'4of ckdfgofo]u' Hof sy+ sfMu' vM wsfM cg'dfg ofo]l5+ . yano\ ts k|d'v af}4 lr+of ?ko\ 5u" rqm cn] jof Rjo\ lq/Tgof k|tLs sy+ lqz'ny]+Rj+u' cfs[ltoft sfO . yHofMu' lr+oft >LjT; lq/Tg wfO cn]] tf]/0fof bsno\ Rjo\ toftMu' vg]b' .

snfkf/vLlkGt ygof tf]/0fof d'Vo cfsif{0f wOu' x/]s tf]/0fof bsno\ Sjo\of wln+of Sj;+ Rj+u' ld;f cfs[ltt vM . y'lsoft zfnel~hsf wfO . gUg jf cw{gUg ld;f cfs[ltoft l;dfsrf Hj+s]u' ef/tLo snfof 5u" cHofu' kIf vM u'lsof rrf{ cflbd sfn+lg;]+ cfMof k/Dk/fut snfo\ ts+ h" . ;fFrLof k"j{o\ Rj+u' tf]/0f Wjfvfo\Rj+u' zfnel~hsf d"lt{oft ljz]if af+nfMu' d"lt{ wsfM wfO . plsof ln;]+ lsl; OToflb hgfj/of ;xh lrq0f cn] ;fdfGo ef/tLo snfln;] HjMdnfMlk+ afdk'8\s]t j d]d]lk+ dg"t, pldu' j;M, afh+ nufotof lrq0f+ yHofMu' Wjfvfo\ o"gfgL snfof k|efj nfMjMu' vg]b' . y'sy+ yg wfld{s j wd{lg/k]If snfof ;dfof]hg h"u' vg]b' .

y'sy+ !@ cf}+ ztfAbLts cg Gx"Gx"u 5'+ 5'+ :df/st tg]u' Hof h'of+Rjg . b'xfF jg]j+ x] Koyfo\ a'4of d"lt{t vgL t/ j d" :t'kof efu dh';] lnkf tgftMu' vg]b' . !& NofMof BMuM wsfM gf+ laoftMu' 5uM BMuMoft u'Kt sfnofu' wsfM cg'dfg ofgftMu' b' . cfM Yj BMuMof Ko+u snfTds yf+ j ue{u[xhs NogfRj+u' blg .

pTvgg\ j ;+/If0f M

lem+lgu"u' ztfAbL lnkf a'n'x'F ljleGg sf/0f+ ef/to\ a'4wd{of k|efj a'n';] RjFRj+ nf]k x] h'ofjg . yg Gx"u' :df/s tg]u' j y'lsof ;+/If0f ofo]u' nf TjMt] yg b"u' yHofMu' dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s :df/so\ dg"t jo]u' ts+ dh'ofjg . y'lsof lnplnp ygof oSj af}4 tLy{:yn, :df/s j d]d]u' k'/ftflTjs :ynt g+ cf]em]no\ nfgfjg . cgof ;dfh ln;] cHofMu' dxTjk"0f{ :ynof 5'+ :jfk" dbofj+ln;] cg jgLlk+ k"hf k|fy{gf ofMjgLlk+ Dxf] h'Ou' g+ :jefljs x] h'n .

lem+u'+u"u' ztfAbLO ts Yj yfo\ yL yL sy+of dg"to\u' gh/o\ nfgfRjg . ;/sf/L :t/+ ;+/If0f dofMu'ln+ yg cJoj;flos j cbIf k'/ftTjljb\to\;+ yL yL Tjx tofM :o+s]u' j yg b'g] tMw+u' vhfgf bOu' cf;+ k6sk6s yg y'g]u' Dx'Ou' Hof ofgfRjg .

;g\ !*!*o\ cgof a]ª\ufg SofeN/Lof hg/n 6]n/+ 5s ;fFrLof e|d0f oft . cano\ ts cgof :df/st cy]eg+ :o+u' jf :o+sftMu' Yo+s dvofRjg . j+ bsno\ Gxfkf+ ;fFrLof :t'kof af/] clen]vg oft . Yj w'+sfM cgof zf}lvg k'/ftTjljb\to\;+ tMsM pTvgg\oft . Yj Hof !**!o\ ts GXofgf x] Rjg . lnkf ;g\ !(!@ lg;]+ !(!(tsof b'g] Yj k|frLg :df/soft ;+/If0f ofgfM cfMof cj:yfo\ Yo+sn . yg n'ofjMu' clts+ dxTjk"0f{ j:t't cg;+ k'/ftflTjs ;+u|xfnoo\ AjoftMu' b' . y'lsof ;+/If0fof d'Vo >]o ;/ hf]g dfz{noft laoftMu' b' . y'lsof x] lnRjM wfo]dfM ;g\  !(*( lg;]+ Yj ;fFrLof :t'k nfufoft o'g]:sf]+ ljZj;Dkbfof wnvo\ b'Yofs"u' b' .

y'sy+ Yj :df/s a'4dfuL{lklgu' tLy{:yn hs dv' ef/tLo j ljZjof x] wd{, snf, af:t'snf j ;dfhzf:qof cWoog ofOlklgu' nflu 5u" cg'kd pbfx/0f h'ofM yf}+ts w:jfgfRj+u' b' . y'ls+ ef/tof a'4wd{of ljsf; j cjlglt u'sy+ h'n wsfM wofRj+u' b' . åMl5 bF ts ef/t+ snf j af:t'snfof Vono\ uHofMu' ljsf; oft wsfM sgfRj+u' b' . y'lsof dxTjoft sofM ;d:t ef/t+ x] uj{ ofgfRj+u' b' wfM;f Yj ef/toft ljZjo\ Dxl;sf laOu' 5u" dfWod g+ h'ofRj+u' b' .